Fixed points of convex maps in ordered Banach spaces (Q5956297)

This article deals with the solvability of the equation \(u=f(t,u)\), where \(f(\cdot, \cdot)\): \(\mathbb{R}_+\times P\to P\) is a mapping in a Banach space \(E\) ordered by a normal and solid cone \(P\); it is assumed that \(f(t,\cdot)\) is completely continuous, continuously right differentiable, and strongly convex for all \(t\in(0, \lambda^*)\), \(f(0,0)=0\), \(f(t,0)>0\) for \(t<0\), \(f'(t,u)= (f_t'(t,u)\), \(f_u'(t,u))\) is strongly positive for \((t,u)>0\), and \(f_u'(0,0) h_0\leq \tau_0h_0\) for some \(0<\tau_0<1\) and \(h_0>0\). In this situation, the following statements hold: (i) \(\lambda^*>0\), and for every \(t\in(0, \lambda^*) f(t,\cdot)\) has a minimal fixed point \(u(t)\) and \(u(t)\) is strongly increasing and continuously differentiable; (ii) this solution is stable, but others are unstable; (iii) if \(\lambda^* <\infty\), then \(f (\lambda^*, \cdot)\) has a fixed point if and only if the set \(\{u(t): 0<t< \lambda^*\}\) is bounded and in the case \(u(\lambda^*) =\lim_{t\to \lambda^*} u(t)\) exists and is the unique and weakly stable fixed point of \(f( \lambda^*, \cdot)\); (iv) if \(f(\lambda^*,\cdot)\) has a fixed point, then there exits a \(\lambda_*\in (0,\lambda^*)\) such that \(f(t,\cdot)\) has at least two distinct solutions for each \(t\in(\lambda_*, \lambda^*)\). Moreover, in the case when \(f(\lambda^*,\cdot)\) has fixed points, there exist an interval \(I\) containing \(\lambda^*\), a neighborhood \(V\subset \text{int} P\) of \(u(\lambda^*)\), a real number \(\varepsilon>0\) and a \(C^1\)-map \(s\mapsto(t(s), x(s)):(-\varepsilon, \varepsilon)\to I\times V\) such that \((t(0),x(0)=(\lambda^*, u(\lambda^*))\); \(\text{sgn} t'(s)=\text{sgn}(1-f_x' (t(s),x(s)), x(s))= -\text{sgn} s\); and \(\{(t,x):x= f(t,x)\), \(t\in I,x\in V\}= \{(t(s),x(s)): -\varepsilon\leq s< \varepsilon\}\); \(x(s)=u (\lambda^*)+ s(e+y(s))\), where \(e>0\) is an eigenvector of \(f_x'(\lambda^*, u(\lambda^*))\) with eigenvalue \(\rho(f_x' (\lambda^*, u( \lambda^*)) =1\), \(y(\cdot)\in C((-\varepsilon, \varepsilon),E)\) and \(y(0)=0\). Some applications to the problem \[ \Delta u+au=h(x,u) +tr(x),\quad u>0\;(x\in M),\quad u=0\;(x\in\partial M) \] \((M\) is an \(n\)-dimensional compact Riemannian manifold, \(n\geq 2)\) are considered.