Compactness and convexity on the space of fuzzy sets (Q5956507)

Let \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R}^p)\) denote the family of all fuzzy sets \(\widetilde u:\mathbb{R}^p\to[0,1]\) with the following properties: (1) \(\widetilde u\) is normal i.e. there exists \(x\in\mathbb{R}^p\) such that \(\widetilde u(x)=1\); (2) \(\widetilde u\) is upper semicontinuous; (3) \(\text{Supp} \widetilde u=\{x\in \mathbb{R}^p: \widetilde u(x)>0\}\) is compact, for a fuzzy set \(\widetilde u\) in \(\mathbb{R}^p\), let \[ L_\alpha (\widetilde u)=\begin{cases} \{x:\widetilde u(x)\geq \alpha\},\quad &\text{if }0<\alpha\leq 1\\ \text{Supp} \widetilde u\quad &\text{if }\alpha=0. \end{cases} \] If \(d_\infty\) on \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R}^d)\) is defined by \(d_\infty (\widetilde u,\widetilde v)=\sup_{0\leq \alpha\leq 1}d_H(L_\alpha \widetilde u,L_\alpha \widetilde v)\) where \(d_H\) is the usual Hausdorff metric and if \(d_s(\widetilde u,\widetilde v)=\inf \{\varepsilon\): there exists \(t\) in \(T\) such that \(\sup_{0\leq \alpha\leq 1}|t(\alpha)- \alpha|\leq \varepsilon\) and \(d_\infty(\widetilde u,t(\widetilde v))\leq \varepsilon\}\), where \(T\) denotes the class of strictly increasing, continuous mappings of \([0,1]\) onto itself and \(t(\widetilde v)\) denotes the composition of \(\widetilde v\) and \(t\), then the topology generated by the metric \(d_s\) is called the Skorokhod topology. In this paper, a criterion, for which the convex hull of \({\mathcal H}\) is relatively compact, is given when \({\mathcal H}\) is a relatively compact subset of the space \({\mathcal F}(\mathbb{R}^p)\) of fuzzy sets endowed with the Skorokhod topology.