The slightly compressible Navier-Stokes equations revisited (Q5958906)

The authors seek approximations to the Navier-Stokes equations in two dimensions, written in the form \[ \partial_tu= \nu\Delta u+ u\wedge \text{curl} u+ \nabla\pi=f, \text{ div} u=0,\;u(0)=u_0 \tag{1} \] and consider the approximation: \[ \partial_tu^\varepsilon= \nu\Delta u^\varepsilon+ u^\varepsilon\wedge \text{ curl} u^\varepsilon+ \nabla\pi^\varepsilon= f,\tag{2} \] \[ \varepsilon^2\partial_t\pi^\varepsilon+ \text{div} u^\varepsilon=0,\;u^\varepsilon(0) =u_0,\;\pi^\varepsilon(0) =\pi^\varepsilon_0. \] Approximations such as (2) have been considered by various authors, listed in the references. The authors consider three types of boundary conditions: non-slip, open surface condition, periodic. According to the case, an appropriate Hilbert space setting is introduced. The authors prove that if \(u^\varepsilon_0\to u_0\) and \(\pi_0^\varepsilon \to\pi(0)\) in \(L^2(\Omega)\) then the solution \(u^\varepsilon (t)\), \(\pi^\varepsilon (t)\) of (2) converges to the solution \(u(t)\), \(\pi(t)\) of (1) in \(L^2(\Omega)\). That is, they obtain estimates of the following type: \[ \begin{multlined} \bigl|u^\varepsilon (t)-u(t)\bigr |^2_2+ \varepsilon^2 \bigl |\pi^\varepsilon(t)- \pi(t)\bigr |^2_2+ \nu\int^t_0 \bigl\|u^\varepsilon (s) -u(s)\bigr\|^2 ds\\ \leq\biggl( |u^\varepsilon_0-u_0 |^2_2+ \varepsilon^2\bigl |\pi^\varepsilon_0 -\pi(0) \bigr|^2_2 \biggr) h_1 (t) +\varepsilon^4 h_2(t) \end{multlined} \] for suitable continuous functions \(h_{1,2}\), where \(|\cdot |_2\) is the \(L^2\)-norm in \(L^2 (\Omega)\), while \(\|\cdot \|\) is equivalent to the gradient norm.