Poincaré covariance of relativistic quantum position (Q5959891)

At the biginning of the paper, the authors present some weak points of the coordinate method concerning the position observable in quantum mechanics. Then, to avoid such difficulties, they propose a variant of spacetime without reference frames. More exactly, the usual \(\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}^3\) representation of the spacetime is replaced by more general mathematical structures, which still preserve the main relativistic sense of facts. In the particular case of the position observable of a free particle, the Wightman definition as a projection valued measure \(P\) on the Borel subsets \(E\) is extended from Euclidean transformations \(S\) to orthochronous Poincaré transformations \(L\). In mathematical terms, the former Wightman condition \[ U_SP(E) U^{-1}_S= P(S[E]), \] where \(U\) is a representation of the Poincaré group, is adapted to the new settings (Propositions 1-3).