Aspherical abelian groupoids and their directions (Q5960401)

Let \(\mathcal E\) be a left exact category. The category of internal groupoids in \(\mathcal E\) is denoted by \({\mathcal G}rd {\mathcal E}\) and the object of objects functor by \(()_0 : {\mathcal G}rd{\mathcal E}\to{\mathcal E}\). It is a fibration whose fibres \({\mathcal G}rd_X{\mathcal E}\) are protomodular categories. The notion of protomodular categories had been introduced by the author in a previous paper. The author investigates what are the normal subobjects and the abelian objects in these protomodular fibres. A groupoid is proved to be abelian when the locally defined Mal'cev operation on triples of parallel arrows defined by \(p(f,g,h) = hg^{-1}f\) is functorial, or when its groups of endomorphisms are abelian. Let \({\mathcal E}\) be, moreover, Barr exact. The category of autonomous Mal'cev operations on objects of global support in \(\mathcal E\) is denoted by \({\mathcal A}ut{\mathcal M}{\mathcal E}g\) and the category of abelian internal groups in \(\mathcal E\) by \({\mathcal A}b{\mathcal E}\). A direction functor \(d: {\mathcal A}ut{\mathcal M}{\mathcal E}g\to {\mathcal A}b{\mathcal E}\) is defined and proved to be a cofibration whose fibres \(d^{-1}A\) have closed monoidal structures, and are equivalents to the category of \(A\)-torsors. Then the first cohomology group \(H^1({\mathcal E},A)\) is the set of connected components of \(d^{-1}A\). A groupoid in \(\mathcal E\) is said to be aspherical if it is connected with a global support object of objects. Whence a direction functor \(d_1 : {\mathcal A}b{\mathcal G}rd{\mathcal E}g\to {\mathcal A}b{\mathcal E}\) from the category of aspherical abelian groupoids in \(\mathcal E\) to \({\mathcal A}b{\mathcal E}\) exists. The set of connected components of the fibre \(d^{-1}_1A\) is claimed to be the second cohomology group \(H^2({\mathcal E},A)\).