Isogeny classes of Hilbert-Blumenthal abelian varieties over finite fields. (Q5960999)

It is well known that the number of elliptic curves isogenous to a given ordinary elliptic curve \(E\) over a finite field is equal to a class number associated to the quadratic order generated by the Frobenius endomorphism of~\(E\). In this paper, the authors determine an analogous formula for the sizes of isogeny classes of Hilbert-Blumenthal abelian varieties over a finite field. Let \(k\) be a finite field of characteristic~\(p\), let \(\mathcal O\) be the ring of integers of a totally real number field of degree~\(g\) over \(\mathbb{Q}\), let \(N\) and \(N_0\) be positive squarefree integers, and suppose that \(p\), \(N\), \(N_0\), and \(\text{Disc}\,\mathcal O\) are pairwise relatively prime. The authors consider ordinary \(g\)-dimensional abelian varieties over \(k\) provided with an action of \(\mathcal O\) and a \(\Gamma_0(N_0,N)\) level structure; two such varieties (with additional structure) are said to be isogenous if there is an isogeny (in the usual sense) from one to the other that respects the actions of \(\mathcal O\) and the level structures. The authors provide a formula for the size of an isogeny class of such varieties. Their formula is too long to be quoted in full in this review, but it involves the class number and other invariants of \(\mathcal O\) together with quantities depending on a certain adèlic point \(\gamma\) of the algebraic group \(\text{Res}_{{\mathcal O}/\mathbb{Z}}\,\text{GL}_2\). \textit{R. E. Kottwitz} [J. Am. Math. Soc. 5, 373--444 (1992; Zbl 0796.14014)] showed that the sizes of the isogeny classes in question are given in terms of certain orbital integrals; the authors of the present paper prove their theorem by evaluating these integrals.