Constructions of Hadamard difference sets (Q5961542)

For many years, abelian Hadamard difference sets with parameters \((4m^2,2m^2-m,m^2-m)\) have been known only for \(m\) being a product of powers of 2 and 3. In 1992, Xia gave a construction for abelian Hadamard difference sets in groups of order divisible by any prime \(p\equiv 3\pmod 4\). The first example of an abelian Hadamard difference set in a group of order divisible by a prime \(p\equiv 1\pmod 4\), namely, for \(p=5\), was found in October 1995 by van Eupen and Tonchev using certain spreads in \(\text{PG}(3,5)\). The present paper generalizes the construction of van Eupen and Tonchev by using spreads in \(\text{PG}(3,p)\), and gives examples of difference sets in groups of order divisible by \(p=13\) and \(p=17\).