Fields interpretable in rosy theories (Q5962259)

In this paper, the author generalizes some fundamental results from the study of groups and fields of finite Morley rank (or definable in o-minimal structures) to rosy theories of finite \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank. Recall that a theory is \textit{rosy} if there is a notion of independence satisfying all the usual properties of forking independence in simple theories except possibly for the Independence Theorem. The foundation rank with respect to this independence is \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank; a theory is superrosy if \(U^{\text{thorn}}\) takes only ordinal values. The main result of the paper is: If \(R\) is a \(\bigvee\)-definable integral domain of positive finite \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank, then its field of fractions \(F\) is interpretable, and there is a \(\bigvee\)-definable embedding of \(R\) into \(F\) whose image has the same \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank as \(F\). It follows that if \(A\) is an abelian group acting definably and faithfully on an abelian group \(M\) such that \(M\) is \(A\)-minimal and has finite \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank, then we can interpret an infinite field \(K\); if \(M\) has no finite \(A\)-invariant subgroups, then \(M\cong K^+\) and \(A\hookrightarrow K^\times\). Both proofs do not really assume rosyness, but merely the existence of a well-behaved notion of dimension. A theory has the \textit{independence property} if there are a formula \(\varphi(\bar x,\bar y)\) and tuples \((\bar a_i:i\in\omega)\) and \((\bar b_I:I\subseteq\omega)\) in some model of \(T\) such that \(\models\varphi(\bar a_i,\bar b_I)\) iff \(i\in I\). A theory without the independence property is called NIP. The author shows that a soluble NIP group of finite \(U^{\text{thorn}}\)-rank which is not nilpotent-by-finite interprets an infinite field. If \(U^{\text{thorn}}(G)=2\), then there is a field \(K\) and a subgroup \(A\leq K^\times\) of finite index such that \(G\) is isogenous to \(K^+\rtimes M\). As far as infinite superrosy NIP fields are concerned, it has been conjectured that they are real or algebraically closed. As a partial result towards the conjecture, it is shown that for such a field \(K\) one has \(K=K^n-K^n\) for all \(n>0\).