The Sturm-Liouville group (Q596252)

A form \([\;: \;]\) on a complex vector space \(S\) is called a symplectic form if \(\langle u,v\rangle =-i[u:v]\) is a nondegenerate inner product on \(S\). Considering the maximal operator \(T_1\) associated with the Sturm-Liouville expression \(My=-(py')'+qy\), \(p,q\in C_{\mathbb R}^\infty(\mathcal J)\), \(p(x)>0\) for \(x\in [0,1]=\mathcal J\), the Lagrange bracket \[ [f:g]=\langle Mf,g\rangle -\langle f,Mg\rangle =\{(pf')\overline{g}+fp\overline{g}'\}| _0^1 \] becomes a degenerate symplectic form on \(D(T_1)\), being identically zero on \(D(T_0)\), the domain of the minimal operator. Then a symplectic form \(\mathbf{\boldsymbol[f:g\boldsymbol]}_{S_{\sigma \lambda }}=[f,g]\) is induced on the four-dimensional vector space \(S_{\sigma \lambda }=D(T_1)/D(T_0)\). Defining \(\{\mathbb C^{2m},m\}\) to be \(\mathbb C^{2m}\) with the symplectic form \([u:v]=uJ_{2m}v^*\), \(J_{2m}=\left(\begin{smallmatrix} 0&I_m\\-I_m&0\end{smallmatrix}\right)\), \(S_{\sigma \lambda }\) is isomorphic to \( \{\mathbb C^4,2\}\). The set Sp\((2m,\mathbb C)\) is defined as the set of all complex \(2m\times 2m\)-matrices \(T\) satisfying \(TJ_{2m}T^*=J_{2m}\). Then Sp\((2m,\mathbb C)\) is isomorphic to Auto\(\{\mathbb C^{2m},m\}\). With respect to composition, Sp\((2m,\mathbb C)\) is a Lie group. It is shown that Sp\((2m,\mathbb C)\) is noncommutative and noncompact. In particular, Sp\((2,\mathbb C)\approx T^2\times \mathbb R^2\). Finally, it is shown that for any finite-dimensional complex symplectic space with complex dimension \(n\), Auto\((S)\) is a connected Lie group with real dimension \(n^2\).