Quantitative conditions of rectifiability for varifolds (Q5962648)

The author obtains some quantitative conditions ensuring the rectifiability of a \(d\)-varifold \(V\) obtained as the limit of a sequence of \(d\)-varifolds \((V_i)_i\) which need not to be rectifiable. First, the author collects some basic facts about rectifiability and varifolds. Then, she states and proves quantitative conditions of rectifiability for varifolds in the static case. She establishes a result of uniform convergence for the pointwise averaged height excess energies \(E_\alpha\) thanks to a strong characterization of weak-* convergence. Moreover, she states and proves quantitative conditions of rectifiability for varifolds in the approximation case. Some sequence of \(d\)-varifolds weakly-* converging to some rectifiable \(d\)-varifold \(V=\theta\mathcal{H}^d_{|M} \otimes\delta_{T_xM}\) is considered (for some \(d\)-rectifiable set \(M\)) and a connection is made between the minimizers of \(E_{\alpha_i}(x,V_i)\) with respect to \(P\in G_{d,n}\) and the tangent plane \(T_xM\) to \(M\) at \(x\). The first result obtained in the present paper is about quantitative conditions for rectifiability in the context of varifolds. Theorem 0.4. Let \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n\) be an open set and let \(V\) be a \(d\)-varifold in \(\Omega\) with finite mass \(\|V\|(\Omega)<\infty\). Assume that: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] there exist \(0<C_1<C_2\) such that for \(\|V\|\)-almost every \(x\in \Omega\) and for every \(r>0\); \item[(ii)] \[ C_1r^d\leq \|V\|(B_r(x))\leq C_2r^d, \] \[ \int_{\Omega\times G_{d,n}} E_0(x,P,V)dV(x,p)<+\infty , \] where \(E_0(x,P,V)=\int_{r=0}^1{{1}\over{r^d}}\int_{y\in B_r(x)\cap \omega}(({{d(y-x,P)}\over {r}})^2d\|V\|(y){{dr}\over{r}}\) defines the averaged height excess. \end{itemize}} Then \(V\) is a rectifiable \(d\)-varifold. Next, the author considers a sequence \((V_i)_i\) of \(d\)-varifolds (weakly-*) converging to a \(d\)-varifold \(V\). She looks for quantitative conditions on \((V_i)_i\) that ensure the rectifiability of \(V\). She considers the static conditions with uniform bounds and uses a notion of scale encoded by the parameters \(\alpha_i\) and \(\beta_i\). Theorem 0.5. Let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^n\) be an open set and let \((V_i)_i\) be a sequence of \(d\)-varifolds in \(\Omega\) weakly-* converging to some \(d\)-varifold \(V\) of finite mass \(\|V\|(\Omega)<+\infty\). Fix two decreasing and infinitesimal (tending to \(0\)) sequences of positive numbers \((\alpha_i)\) and \((\beta_i)\) and assume that: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[(i)] there exist \(0<C_1<C_2\) such that for \(\|V_i\|\)-almost every \(x\in \Omega\) and for every \(\beta_i <r< d(x,\Omega^c)\), \[ C_1r^d\leq \|V_i\|(B_r(x))\leq C_2r^d; \] \item[(ii)] \[ \sup_i \int_{\Omega\times G_{d,n}}E_{\alpha_i}(x,P,V_i)dV_i(x,P)< +\infty , \] where \[ E_\alpha(x,P,W)= \int_{r=\alpha_i}^1 {{1}\over{r^d}}\int_{y\in B_r(x)\cap \Omega}({{d(y-x, P)}\over {r}})^2 d\|W\|(y){{dr}\over {r}} \] denotes the \(\alpha\)-approximate averaged heights excess. \end{itemize}} Then \(V\) is a rectifiable \(d\)-varifold.