Non-degenerate Liouville tori are KAM stable (Q5965065)
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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6548163
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English | Non-degenerate Liouville tori are KAM stable |
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 6548163 |
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Non-degenerate Liouville tori are KAM stable (English)
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2 March 2016
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The author considers a Hamiltonian system on the torus \(\mathbb{T}^n= \mathbb{R}^n/\mathbb{Z}^n\) for \(n\geq 2\) with the Hamiltonian \[ H(\theta,I)= \omega\cdot I+A(\theta)I\cdot I+ R(\theta, I) \] for \((\theta,T)\in \mathbb{T}^n\times \mathbb{R}^n\). Here, the dot denotes the inner product, \(\omega\in \mathbb{R}^n\) is a non-resonant vector (so \(k\cdot\omega\neq 0\) for any \(k\in\mathbb{Z}^n-\{0\}\)), \(A(\theta)\) is a real \(n\times n\) symmetric matrix for each \(\theta\), and \(R(\theta,I)\) is of order at least \(3\) in \(I\). The Hamiltonian \(H\) is assumed to be at least \(C^2\). The set \(T_\omega= \mathbb{T}^n\times\{I= 0\}\) is invariant under the Hamiltonian flow and is a Lagrangian quasi-periodic torus with frequency \(\omega\). This torus is said to be Kolmogorov non-degenerate if the symmetric matrix \(A_0= \int_{\mathbb{T}^n} A(\theta)\,d\theta\) is non-singular. The author proves that the torus \(T_\omega\) is KAM-stable provided it is Kolmogorov non-degenerate and the Hamiltonian is \(C^\ell\) for \(\ell\) sufficiently large. If \(H\) is \(C^\infty\), then the KAM tori are smooth. Otherwise, they are only finitely differentiable. The author also establishes that the tori are \(\alpha\)-Gevrey if \(H\) is \(\alpha\)-Gevrey and \(\alpha\geq 1\) (cf. [\textit{L. H. Eliasson} et al., Duke Math. J. 164, No. 9, 1733--1775 (2015; Zbl 1366.37126)]).
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KAM stability
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non-degenerate Liouville tori
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Hamiltonian systems
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