Estimates of first and second order shape derivatives in nonsmooth multidimensional domains and applications (Q5965166)

The following shape optimization problem is treated in this paper: consider a bounded domain \(\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^N\) of Lipschitz, convex, or semi-convex (Lipschitz satisfying a uniform exterior ball condition) type, and an energy functional \(E(\Omega)\) of two possible types: \[ E(\Omega)=\int_\Omega K(x,U_\Omega,\nabla U_\Omega)dx,\tag{i} \] where \(K\) is the functional \[ K(x,U,q)={1\over 2}\left(\sum_{i,j=1}^N\alpha_{i,j}(x)q_iq_j+\alpha_{00}(x)U^2\right)+\sum_{i=1}^N\beta_i(x)q_i+\gamma(x)U+\delta(x) \] and \(U_\Omega\in H^1_0(\Omega)\) is a solution of \[ LU:=-\sum_{i,j=1}^N\partial_j(a_{ij}(x)\partial_iU)+\sum_{i=1}^N b_i\partial_iU+cU=f, \] or \[ E(\Omega)=\int_{\Omega^e}|\nabla U_\Omega|^2,\tag{ii} \] where \(U_\Omega\in H^{1,0}(\Omega^e)\) solves \(-\Delta U=f\) in \(\Omega^e:=\mathbb{R}^N\setminus\overline{\Omega}\). The main results in the paper, Theorems 2.3 and 2.5, provide estimates of the shape derivatives \(E'(\Omega_0)(\xi)\), \(E''(\Omega_0)(\xi,\xi)\) in terms of the norms \(||\xi||_{W^{1-1/r,r}}(\partial\Omega_0)\) and \(||\xi||_{W^{1-1/(2r),2r}}(\partial\Omega_0)\), respectively, under suitable regularity assumptions on the coefficients of the PDEs. Here \(\xi\in\Theta:=W_{0}^{1,\infty}(B_R,\mathbb{R}^N)\), where \(B_R\) is a ball of large enough radius in \(\mathbb{R}^N\). Theorem 2.3 covers the interior case (i), and Theorem 2.5 the exterior case (ii). Both results generalize previous ones, including those in the planar case by \textit{J. Lamboley} et al. [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 205, No. 1, 311-343 (2012; Zbl 1268.49051)], in several ways: the authors are able to provide estimates in higher dimensions, for more general interior and exterior PDEs, and for more types of domains. To study the derivatives of the shapes, the authors first prove estimates of the ``material derivative'' \(\hat{U}'_\theta\), where \(\hat{U}_\theta=U_\theta\circ(I+\theta)\) and \(U_\theta\) is the state solution of the related PDE. Theorems~2.3 and 2.5 are proved in Section~3. In Section~4, the authors give applications of their results to planar and higher dimensional domains.