Looking out for Frobenius summands on a blown-up surface of \(\mathbb{P}^{2}\) (Q5965361)

The main work of the paper is to describe explicitly all the Frobenius summands of a 4-point blowup of \(\mathbb{P}^2\), which is then proved as a corollary to be of globally finite \(F\)-representation type (GFFRT). For a smooth variety \(X\) over an algebraically closed field \(k\) with \(\mathrm{char}(k)=p>0\), Frobenius summands are by definition all the indecomposable direct summands of \(F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X\), where \(F^e\) is the \(e\)-times iterate of the Frobenius morphism. \(F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X\) is locally free of rank \(p^{e\cdot \dim~X}\). Frobenius summands for curves have been well-studied. Also it is known that \(F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X\) splits into line bundles (i.e. \(F\)-split) for \(X\) toric. If \(X\) is an \(n\)-point blowup of \(\mathbb{P}^2\), then \(X\) is not toric for \(n\geq4\). In the paper the author study the case \(n=4\). The author first factorizes the 4-point blow up \(\pi:X\rightarrow\mathbb{P}^2\) through the 1-point blow up \(\sigma:X\rightarrow Y\), where \(Y\) is a 3-point blowup hence toric. Then by using the following exact sequence \[ 0\rightarrow\sigma^*\sigma_*F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X\rightarrow F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X\rightarrow\mathcal{O}_{E_4}(-1)^{\oplus\frac{p^e(p^e-1)}2}\rightarrow 0, \] where \(\sigma_*F_*^e\mathcal{O}_X\cong F^e_*\mathcal{O}_Y\cong\displaystyle{\bigoplus_{i=1}^{p^{2e}}}L_i\) with \(L_i\) line bundles, and \(E_4\) is the exceptional divisor of \(\sigma\), the author shows that all Frobenius summands are obtained by successive extensions of \(\sigma^*L_i\) and \(\sigma^*L_i\otimes\mathcal{O}_X(E_4)\). By analyzing all the indecomposable extensions, the author got that there are no Frobenius summands of rank \(\geq4\), 1 of rank 3, 1 of rank 2, and 5 of rank 1. Finally, the author determines exactly the number of copies of each summands by computing the rank of the natural map \(\text{Hom}(L,F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X)\rightarrow \text{Hom}(F^e_*\mathcal{O}_X,L)^{\vee}\) with \(L\) a line bundle summand, and numerical comparison. At the end, as two non-trivial remarks, the author shows these Frobenius summands generates the derived category \(D^b(X)\), and also shows a 10-point blowup of \(\mathbb{P}^2\) is not \(GFFRT\). In the proof of the later statement, the author uses some theory related to \(F\)-blowup and simple elliptic singularities.