The Frobenius map, rank 2 vector bundles and Kummer's quartic surface in characteristic 2 and 3 (Q596606)

Let \(X\) be a smooth projective curve defined over an algebraically closed field \(k\) of characteristic \(p>0\). Let \(M_X(r)\) be the moduli space of semi-stable rank r vector bundles with fixed trivial determinant. Relative Frobenius \(X \rightarrow X_1\) induces by pull-back a rational map called Verschiebung \(V:M_{X_1}(r) \rightarrow M_X(r)\). The authors study in detail the properties of this map. One result is that \(V\) has base points for any triple \((g,r,p)\). In case \(g=r=2\), explicit equations are given for \(V\) in the following two cases: 1. \(p=2\) and \(X\) is nonordinary with Hasse-Witt invariant equal to 1. Here use is made of equations defining a Kummer's quartic relating to the Verschiebung. 2. \(p=3\), any \(X\). Here use is made of polar equations of the Kummer's surface. The article is written in a very clear and precise manner.