Hermite--Padé approximation and simultaneous quadrature formulas (Q596819)

The authors study Hermite-Padé approximations of special classes of functions and related simultaneous quadrature formulas. Firstly, the class \(S=(s_1,\ldots,s_m)\) of measures such that \(ds_k(x)=w_k(x)d\sigma(x),\) \(w_k\in L_1(\sigma),\) and each \(w_k\) preserves sign on supp\((\sigma)\) is considered. For the sequence of multi-indices of the form \(\tilde N=(0,\ldots,0,N,0,\ldots,0)\) the rate of convergence of Hermite-Padé approximations for \(\hat s_k(x)=\int\frac {ds_k(t)}{x-t}\) and of simultaneous Gauss-Jacobi type quadratures for special classes of functions is given. Secondly, the Nikishin systems \(S\) are considered, where \[ s_j(x)=\langle\sigma_1,\langle \sigma_2,\ldots,\sigma_j\rangle\rangle\text{ and }\langle\sigma_1,\sigma_2\rangle(x)=\hat{\sigma}_2 (x)d\sigma_1(x) \] with finite Borel measures \(\sigma_1,\ldots,\sigma_m\) with constant sign and such that \[ Co(\text{supp}(\sigma_j))\cap Co (\text{supp}(\sigma_i))=\emptyset,i\neq j. \] The authors prove that for multiindices \(n\) such that there do not exist \(1\leq i,j<k\leq m\) with \(n_i<n_j<n_k\) and for appropriately chosen \(k\) the multi-orthogonal polynomial \(Q_n\) for the system \(S\) has usual orthogonality property for the measure \(\frac{ds_k(x)}{W_{n,k}(x)},\) where all zeros of the monic polynomial \(W_{n,k}\) of degree \(| n| -n_k\) are simple and lie in the interior of Co(supp(\(\sigma_2)).\) Related results (an integral representation of the remainder for the corresponding component of Hermite-Padé approximation, properties of the corresponding quadrature formula, interlacing properties of the zeros of the multi-orthogonal polynomials) are given, too.