Global topological invariants of stable maps from 3-manifolds to \(\mathbb R^{3}\) (Q600700)

In purpose of this paper is to study the global behaviour of stable maps from 3-manifolds to \(\mathbb{R}^3\) by associating a graph with weights in its vertices and edges. The paper is organized into five sections as follows. In Section 2 are described some basic facts on stable maps from 3-manifolds to \(\mathbb{R}^3\). Section 3 contains a review of the results of \textit{R. Oset} and \textit{M. C. Romero Fuster} [First Order Semi-local Invariants for Stable Maps from 3-manifolds to \(\mathbb{R}^3\), Preprint Univ. Valencia (2007)] concerning the first order invariants of Vassiliev's type for above mentioned stable maps. Section 4 deals with the definition of a graph associated with a family of closed surfaces embedded in a 3-manifold and with some of its topological properties. The main result of this section is contained in Theorem 4.7 and it shows that any graph with weights in its vertices and edges can be realized as the graph of some collection of closed embedded surfaces in some 3-manifold. In Section 5, the authors introduce the graph of a stable map from a 3-manifold to \(\mathbb{R}^3\) as the graph of its singular set. They prove the realization theorem for trees with zero weights in their vertices and aleatory weights in its edges, i.e. any such tree can be the graph of a stable map from \(S^3\) to \(\mathbb{R}^3\) (Theorem 5.1).