On differentiable vectors for representations of infinite dimensional Lie groups (Q600962)

The only results obtained so far on differentiable vectors for representations of infinite-di\-men\-sion\-al Lie groups were a few scattered theorems that established that the space of these vectors is dense for some representations of special types of groups including inductive limits of finite-dimensional Lie groups, diffeomorphism groups, or certain infinite-dimensional Lie groups. Besides, examples are known of representations with no nonzero smooth vectors at all. Precise references can be found in the paper under review. This paper includes some of the first significant advances with a general flavor in this research area. The main results refer to the important situation of Banach-Lie groups. One singles out a certain topology on the space \(V^\infty\) of smooth vectors for any continuous representation \(\pi: G\to\text{GL}(V)\) of a Banach-Lie group on a locally convex space such that the following assertions hold true: {\parindent=7mm \begin{itemize}\item[(1)]The natural representation of \(G\) on \(V^\infty\) is smooth. \item[(2)]If \(V\) is a Banach space, then \(V^\infty\) is a Fréchet space. \item[(3)]The usual topology on \(V^\infty\) is recovered if \(\dim G<\infty\). \end{itemize}} Moreover, the author proves by an example that there may exist no such topology on the space of smooth vectors beyond the setting of Banach-Lie groups, so the aforementioned results are sharp from this point of view. Another nice result is that if \(\pi\) is a unitary representation of any locally convex Lie group \(G\), then a vector \(v\) in the representation space is smooth if and only if the corresponding matrix coefficient \(\langle\pi(\cdot)v,v\rangle\) is a smooth function on \(G\). The present review is too short for presenting all of the remarkable ideas that can be found in this remarkable paper. Besides the above theorems on smooth vectors, one can also find here many interesting results on vectors of class \(C^k\). We conclude by mentioning only a sample: for every positive integer \(k\), one provides specific examples of representations of Banach-Lie groups such that the space of vectors of class \(C^k\) is dense and yet there exists no nonzero vector of class \(C^{k+1}\).