A generalized truncated sums of Jacobi triple product series and some related truncated theorems (Q6042180)

\textit{G. E. Andrews} and \textit{M. Merca} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 119, No. 8, 1639--1643 (2012; Zbl 1246.05014)] derived a truncated version of Euler's pentagonal number theorem. Their work has inspired several mathematicians to work on truncated series. By considering truncated series for Jacobi triple product identity, Andrews and Merca [loc. cit.], \textit{V. J. W. Guo} and \textit{J. Zeng} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 120, No. 3, 700--707 (2013; Zbl 1259.05020)] proposed a conjecture that for positive integers \(k\), \(r\), \(s\) with \(k\geq 1\) and \(1\leq s\leq r/2\), the coefficient of \(q^n\) with \(n\geq 1\) in \[ (-1)^{k-1}\frac{1}{(q^s,q^{r-s},q^r;q^r)_{\infty}}\sum_{j=0}^{k-1}(-1)^j(1-q^{s(2j+1)})q^{j(rj+r-2s)/2} \] is nonnegative. This conjecture was proved by \textit{R. Mao} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 130, 15--25 (2015; Zbl 1316.11092)] and \textit{A. J. Yee} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 130, 1--14 (2015; Zbl 1379.11027)] independently, and reproved by \textit{C. Wang} and \textit{A. J. Yee} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 166, 382--392 (2019; Zbl 1448.11182)]. Let \(J_{r,s}(n)\) be the partition function of \(n\) whose generating function is the reciprocal of \((q^s,q^{r-s},q^r;q^r)_{\infty}\). That is \[ \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}J_{r,s}(n)q^n=\frac{1}{(q^s,q^{r-s},q^r;q^r)_{\infty}}. \] It is easy to deduce from the above result that \[ (-1)^{m-1}\sum_{j=-m}^{m-1}(-1)^jJ_{r,s}(n-j(rj+r-2s)/2)\geq 0, \] and \[ (-1)^{m}\sum_{j=-m}^{m}(-1)^j J_{r,s}(n-j(rj+r-2s)/2)\geq 0. \] For the special cases \((r,s)=(2,1)\) and \((r,s)=(4,1)\), it is easy to derive the following two inequalities involving overpartitions and partitions with odd parts distinct respectively, \[ (-1)^{m-1}\sum_{j=-m}^{m-1}(-1)^j\bar{p}(n-j^2)\geq 0, \] and \[ (-1)^{m}\sum_{j=-m}^{m}(-1)^j pod(n-j(2j+1))\geq 0, \] where \(\bar{p}(n)\) denotes the number of overpartitions of \(n\) and \(pod(n)\) denotes the number of partitions of \(n\) in which the odd parts are distinct. In this paper, using the Rogers-Fine identity, the author provides two partition theoretic interpretations for truncated sums in the above two inequalities. Furthermore, the author generalizes the above two inequalities involving \(J_{r,s}(n)\) by proving that for positive integers \(r\), \(s\) with \(1\leq s\leq r/2\), and integers \(m\), \(k\) with \(m\leq k\), \[ (-1)^{\min\{|m|,k\}}\sum_{j=m}^{k}(-1)^j J_{r,s}(n-j(rj+r-2s)/2)\geq 0 \] holds.