Stability and boundedness criteria of solutions of a certain system of second order differential equations (Q6046034)

In this paper, the author considers the following system of ODEs of second order: \[ \ddot{X}+F(X,\dot{X})\dot{X}+H(X)=P(t,X,\dot{X}). \] The above system of ODEs is equivalent to the following system \[ \dot{X}=Y, \] \[ \dot{Y}=-F(X,Y)Y-H(X)+P(t,X,Y), \] where \(X\),\(Y \in \mathbb{R}^n\), \(\mathbb{R}^+ =[0,\infty)\), \(F\) is an \(n\times n\) continuous symmetric and positive definite matrix function, \(H\in C^1 (\mathbb{R}^n, \mathbb{R}^n)\), \(H(0)=0\) and \(P\in C([\mathbb{R}^+ \times \mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^n])\). Additionally, the existence and uniqueness of the solutions of above ODE are assumed. The Jacobian matrix \(J_H (X)\) of \(H(X)\) is given by \[ J_H (X)=\left( \frac{\partial h_i}{\partial x_j}\right), i,j=1,2,\dots,n, \] where \(X=(x_1 ,x_2,\dots, x_n)^T\), and \(J_H (X)\) exists and is continuous. Here, the qualitative properties of solutions of the considered system, called asymptotic stability, uniform stability, boundedness, uniformly boundedness and ultimately boundedness solutions, are investigated throughout three theorems and a corollary. The basic tool in the proofs is a Lyapunov function. Two examples are presented as the numerical applications of the results. The results of this paper have new contributions to the relevant literature.