Scherk saddle towers of genus two in \({\mathbb R^3}\) (Q605059)

Singly periodic minimal surfaces with Scherk ends of arbitrary genus were obtained by Traizet from desingularizing a set of vertical planes at their intersections. However, in Traizet's work, it is not allowed that three or more planes intersect at the same line. In this paper, the authors study such a case and the desingularization of such forbidden planes into an embedded singly periodic minimal surface is called a saddle-tower. The authors obtain saddle towers of genus two and 8 ends by taking the Costa surface, cutting out its bottom catenoidal end, replacing it by a closed curve of reflectional symmetry, and finally replacing the remaining ends by Scherk-ends. They prove that there exists a continuous two-parameter family of saddle towers in \({\mathbb R}^3\) such that the quotient of any member by its translation group has genus two and eight Scherk-ends, and saddle towers are invariant under reflections in \(Ox_2x_3, Ox_3x_1\) and \(mT/2+Ox_1x_2\), where \(m \in {\mathbb Z}\) and \(T\) is the single period of the surface. The main result in this paper answers a question cited in [\textit{V. Ramos Batista}, Geom. Dedicata 142, 191--214 (2009; Zbl 1179.53008)] about the existence of Gaussian geodesics and the proof of main result also shows that surfaces with two catenoid ends, two saddles and two flat ends (CSSCFF surfaces) and surfaces with four catenoid ends and two saddles (CSSCCC surfaces), described in [\textit{M. Wohlgemuth}, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 137, No.~1, 1--25 (1997; Zbl 0874.53007)], are embedded.