The combinatorics of supertorus sheaf cohomology (Q6050998)

This paper explores the properties of the cohomology, in particular zero and first cohomologies, of a special supertorus. The supertorus obtained by the affine superspace, \(\mathbb{C}^{1|n}\), which has one bosonic coordinate \(z\) and \(n\) fermionic coordinates \(\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_n\). Let \(t\in\mathbb{C}\) be a complex number whose imaginary part is positive, and \(\wedge\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n\}\) be the exterior algebra generated by \(\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n\}\). Consider two operators \(T,S:\mathbb{C}^{1|n}\rightarrow \mathbb{C}^{1|n}\) defined by \[ T:(z;\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_n)\mapsto (z+t;\theta_1+\alpha_1,\ldots,\theta_n+\alpha_n), \] \[ S:(z;\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_n)\mapsto (z+1;\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_n). \] Define \(M\) to be the quotient of \(\mathbb{C}^{1|n}\) by the group generated by operators \(S, T\) with the structural sheaf \(\mathcal{O}\). It is shown that \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})\) is a \(\mathbb{C}\)-algebra generated by these invariants, \(\alpha_i,\alpha_i\theta_i,\alpha_i\theta_j+\alpha_j\theta_i\). The other considered structure for \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})\) is a bi-graded module over the symmetric group \(\mathfrak{S}_n\). In this paper, this structure is completely determined,using the algebra \(E_n:=\wedge\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n,\theta_1,\ldots,\theta_n\}\). \(E_n\) is doubly graded, and the action of \(\mathfrak{S}_n\) on it is compatible with the bi-grading. In particular, if \(i>j\), then \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})_{i,j}=[(E_n)_{i,j}]-[(E_n)_{i+1,j-1}]\). This shows dim \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})_{i,j}\) is equal to \(\binom{n}{i}\binom{n}{j}-\binom{n}{i+1}\binom{n}{j-1}\), and therefor it has the same dimension as \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})_{n-j,n-i}\). Actually, multiplying by \(l^{n-i-j}\), where \(l=\{\alpha_1\theta_1+\ldots+\alpha_n\theta_n\}\), gives us an isomorphism between \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})_{i,j}\) and \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})_{n-j,n-i}\). This fact also gives the bi-graded version of Hard Lefschetz Theorem [\textit{J. Kim} et al., J. Geom. Phys. 193, Article ID 104963, 13 p. (2023; Zbl 07739968)]. This paper also gives a very nice combinatorial interpretation of the invariants, \(\alpha_i,\alpha_i\theta_i,\alpha_i\theta_j+\alpha_j\theta_i\) which describe \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})\) as a \(\mathbb{C}\)-algebra. The Serre duality of \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})\) and \(H^0(M,\mathcal{O})\) is also proved.