Small volume 3-manifolds constructible from string Coxeter groups of rank 4 (Q6051039)

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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7740001
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Small volume 3-manifolds constructible from string Coxeter groups of rank 4
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7740001

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    Small volume 3-manifolds constructible from string Coxeter groups of rank 4 (English)
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    19 September 2023
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    Let \([p,q,r]\) be the rank 4 Coxeter group with diagram \(\circ\!\! \overset{_p}-\!\!\circ \!\!\overset{_q}-\!\! \circ \!\!\overset{_r}-\!\!\circ.\) Various compact \(3\)-manifolds of small volume can be constructed via the determination of torsion-free subgroups of minimum possible index in \([p,q,r]\) subject to the conditions \(1/p+1/q \geq 1/2\) and \(1/q+1/r \geq 1/2\). For this approach see, in particular, \textit{J. Milnor} [in: Collected papers. Vol. 1: Geometry. Houston, TX: Publish or Perish. 189--212 (1994; Zbl 0857.01015)] (a paper from the late 1970s, not previously published, inspired by 1978 Princeton lecture notes of \textit{W. Thurston} printed in revised form in [Three-dimensional geometry and topology. Vol. 1. Ed. by Silvio Levy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (1997; Zbl 0873.57001)]), see also [\textit{H. S. M. Coxeter}, Q. J. Math., Oxf. Ser. 6, 13--29 (1935; Zbl 0011.17006)]). Milnor was unable to complete his consideration of four cases, namely \([p, q, r] = [3, 5, 3]\), \([4, 3, 5]\), \([5, 3, 6]\) and \([6, 3, 6]\), but the first and third of these four gaps were filled by \textit{B. Everitt} in [Topology Appl. 138, No. 1--3, 253--263 (2004; Zbl 1048.57008)]. In the paper under review, the authors complete and extend these works by determining the smallest volume Euclidean or hyperbolic \(3\)-manifolds constructible from torsion-free subgroups of minimum possible index in all of the infinite \([p,q,r]\) Coxeter groups for which \(p,q,r \geq 3\), \(1/p + 1/q \geq 1/2\) and \(1/q+1/r \geq 1/2\). The \textsc{Magma} computer algebra software is used as an essential tool. The Coxeter group \([4,3,5]\) produced 14 conjugacy classes of torsion-free subgroups of minimum index 240, giving 12 pairwise inequivalent \(3\)-manifolds. The Coxeter group \([5,3,6]\) produced 77 conjugacy classes of torsion-free subgroups of minimum index 120, remarkably with no two of those 77 classes giving equivalent \(3\)-manifolds.
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    Coxeter group
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    torsion-free subgroup
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    \(3\)-manifolds
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    volume
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    computational methods in group theory
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