On distortions of the transfinite diameter of disk image (Q6056835)

This paper deals with the so-called ring \(Q\)-homeomorphisms with respect to the \(p\)-modulus for \(p>2\) in the complex plane. This important theory in complex analysis has been developed by several authors, e.g., [\textit{V. I. Ryazanov} and \textit{E. A. Sevost'yanov}, Sib. Mat. Zh. 48, No. 6, 1361--1376 (2007); translation in Sib. Math. J. 48, No. 6, 1093--1105 (2007; Zbl 1164.30364); \textit{O. Martio} et al., Contemp. Math. 364, 193--203 (2004; Zbl 1069.30039); Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn., Math. 30, No. 1, 49--69 (2005; Zbl 1071.30019); Moduli in modern mapping theory. New York, NY: Springer (2009; Zbl 1175.30020); the first author, Izv. Math. 72, No. 5, 977--984 (2008); translation from Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Mat. 72, No. 5, 141--148 (2008; Zbl 1175.31006)], among others. Some introductory definitions are necessary in order to present the results of the paper. A Borel function \(\rho:\mathbb C\to[0,\infty]\) is called \textit{admissible} for a family \(\Gamma\) of curves in \(\mathbb C\) iff \[\int_\gamma \rho(z)\,|dz|\geq1\] for each \(\gamma\in\Gamma\). The set of all admissible Borel functions \(\rho\) for \(\Gamma\) is denoted by \(\mathrm{adm\,}\Gamma\). For \(p\in(1,\infty)\) the \textit{\(p\)-modulus} of the family \(\Gamma\) is defined by \[ M_p(\Gamma):=\inf_{\rho\in\mathrm{adm\,}\Gamma}\int_{\mathbb C}\rho^p(z)\,dx\,dy.\] For arbitrary \(E,F,G\subset\mathbb C\), the set of all curves \(\gamma:[a,b]\to\mathbb C\) such that \(\gamma(a)\in E\), \(\gamma(b)\in F\) and \(\gamma(t)\in G\) for \(a<t<b\), is denoted by \(\Delta(E,F,G)\). For a domain \(D\subset\mathbb C\) and a Lebesgue-measurable function \(Q:D\to[0,\infty]\), a homeomorphism \(f:D\to\mathbb C\) is called a \textit{ring \(Q\)-homeomorphism w.r.t.\ the \(p\)-modulus at \(z_0\in D\)\/} iff \[ M_p\bigg( \Delta(fS_1,fS_2,fD)\bigg) \leq \int_{\mathbb{A}} Q(z)\,\eta^p\big( |z-z_0| \big)\,dx\,dy \] for all rings \(\mathbb{A}=\mathbb{A}(z_0,r_1,r_2)=\big\{ r_1<|z-z_0|<r_2 \big\}\) with \(0<r_1<r_2<d_0:=\mathrm{dist}(z_0,\partial D)\) and for each measurable function \(\eta:(r_1.r_2)\to[0,\infty]\) such that \(\int_{r_1}^{r_2}\eta(r)\,dr=1\). For a bounded and closed set \(E\subset\mathbb C\) the authors consider the \textit{transfinite diameter} \(d(E)\) of \(E\) defined as \(\lim_{n\to\infty}d_n(E)\), where \[d_n=\max\Big\{ \prod_{1\leq i<j\leq n} |z_i-z_j|^{2/(n(n-1))}\; \Big\vert\; z_i,z_j\in E \Big\}\] is the \textit{\(n\)-th diameter} of \(E\), \(n\in\mathbb N\). The authors establish then their first main result regarding a lower bound for the distortion of the transfinite diameter of disk image. Theorem 1. Suppose that \(D,D'\) are bounded domains in \(\mathbb C\) and \(f:D\to D'\) is a ring \(Q\)-homeomorphism with respect to the \(p\)-modulus at a point \(z_0\in D\) for \(p>2\). Let \(0\leq t< d_0:=\mathrm{dist}(z_0,\partial D)\) and for \(t\in(0,d_0)\) let \[ q_{z_0}(t)=\frac{1}{2\pi t} \int_{|z-z_0|=t} Q(z)\,|dz|.\] Assume that the function \(Q\) satisfies the condition \(q_{z_0}(t)\leq \kappa t^{-\alpha}\) for \(\kappa>0\), \(\alpha\geq0\) and for almost all \(t\in(0,d_0)\). Then, for all \(r\in(0,d_0)\), the following estimate holds: \[d\big( f \left\{ |z-z_0|\leq r \right\} \big) \geq \kappa^{-1/(p-2)} \left(\frac{p-2}{p-1} \right)^{(p-1)/(p-2)} r^{(p+\alpha-2)/(p-2)}.\] Then, for a domain \(D\subset\mathbb C\) and a fixed \(z_0\in D\), and numbers \(p>2\), \(\kappa=\kappa(z_0)>0\) and \(\alpha\geq0\), the authors consider the set \(\mathcal{D}=\mathcal{D}(z_0,p,\kappa,\alpha)\) of all ring \(Q\)-homeomorphisms \(f:D\to\mathbb C\) w.r.t.\ the \(p\)-modulus at a point \(z_0\in D\) with the property \[q(t):=\frac{1}{2\pi t}\int_{|z-z_0|=t} q(z)\,|dz|\leq\kappa t^{-\alpha}\] for almost all \(t\in(0,d_0)\). On the set \(\mathcal{D}\) the authors consider the \textit{distorsion functional} \(\mathbf{d}_r(f)=d\big( f \{|z-z_0|\leq r\} \big)\), \(f\in\mathcal{D}\), and obtain their second main result concerning the solution of the problem of minimization of the distorsion functional of the transfinite diameter of a disk in the \(\mathcal{D}\)-class of ring \(Q\)-homeomorphisms w.r.t.\ the \(p\)-modulus, namely Theorem 2. \(\displaystyle \min_{f\in\mathcal{D}} \mathbf{d}_r(f) = \kappa^{-1/(p-1)} \left( \frac{p-2}{p+\alpha-2} \right)^{(p-1)/(p-2)} r^{(p+\alpha-2)/(p-2)}\),\quad \(r\in[0,d_0)\).