Algebraic aspect of certain admissible maps for classifying spaces (Q6057673)

A map between classifying spaces of connected compact Lie groups induces a morphism in rational cohomology between the classifying spaces of their maximal tori, and also in cohomology with coefficients in \(\mathbb{F}_p\) if \(p\) is large enough. When both groups have the same rank, all components are represented by square matrices and this article studies their diagonalizability and triangularizability. Despite the motivation, the results are stated for an endomorphism \(\phi\) of a graded polynomial algebra over a field \(K\) in a finite number of variables of degree two, in terms of its components \(\phi_m\) in each dimension \(m\). For instance, the non-diagonalizability of a non-singular, triangularizable \(\phi_2\) implies the non-diagonalizability of all the positive-dimensional components of \(\phi\). For an odd prime \(p\), if \(\phi_2\) is non-singular, non-diagonalizable over \(\mathbb{F}_p\), but diagonalizable over the algebraic closure \(\overline{\mathbb{F}}_p\), the diagonalizability of \(\phi_{2n}\) over \(\mathbb{F}_p\) is expressed in terms of the factors of the characteristic polynomial of \(\phi_2\). Finally, when the characteristic polynomial of an \(m \times m\) matrix \(\phi_2\) over \(\mathbb{F}_p\) is given by \(x^m-a\) with \(m\) dividing \(p-1\) and \(a \neq 0\), some consequences are obtained. First, the linear map \(\phi_{2dk}\) is diagonalizable for each positive integer \(k\), where \(d\) is the order of \(a^{(p-1)/m}\) in \(\mathbb{F}_p^{\times}\). Additionally, if there exists a positive integer \(n\) not divisible by \(d\) such that \(\phi_{2n}\) is diagonalizable, then so are all the positive-dimensional components of \(\phi\). The case of generalized cyclic matrices for \(m=2\), \(3\) is also treated explicitly.