CLT\(_\sigma \)-group with \(\sigma\)-subnormal or self-normalizing subgroups (Q6058658)

One fruitful research line in abstract group theory during the last years has been the analysis of groups that behave well with respect to a partition \(\sigma=\{\sigma_i\mid i\in I\}\) of the set \(\mathbb{P}\) of all prime numbers. By forcing the chief factors of a finite group to belong to be \(\sigma_i\)-groups for some \(i\in I\), we obtain generalisations of the classes of all soluble or nilpotent groups. In the paper under review, the authors consider generalisations of finite groups that satisfy the converse of the Lagrange theorem in the scope of the \(\sigma\)-theory. We will only consider finite groups. Recall that \(\sigma(n)=\{\sigma_i\mid \sigma_i\cap \pi(n)=\emptyset\}\), \(\sigma(G)=\sigma(\lvert G\rvert)\) and a group \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-primary whenever \(G=1\) or \(\lvert \sigma(G)\rvert=1\). A chief factor \(H/K\) of \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-central if the semidirect product of \(H/K\) by \(G/C_G(H/K)\) is \(\sigma\)-primary. A set \(\mathcal{H}\) containing exactly one Hall \(\sigma_i\)-subgroup of \(G\) for each \(\sigma_i\in \sigma(G)\) is said to be a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set of \(G\). \(\sigma\)-nilpotent groups are the groups that are trivial or have each chief factor \(\sigma\)-central and \(\sigma\)-soluble groups are the groups that are trivial or have every chief factor \(\sigma\)-primary. The \(\sigma\)-nilpotent residual \(G^{\mathfrak{N}_\sigma}\) of \(G\) is the smallest normal subgroup \(N\) of \(G\) such that \(G/N\) is \(\sigma\)-nilpotent. Groups \(G\) in which every chief factor below \(G^{\mathfrak{N}_\sigma}\) are cyclic are called \(\sigma\)-supersoluble. A group \(G\) is said to be a \(\operatorname{CLT}_\sigma\)-group if \(G\) has a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set \(\{H_1,\dots, H_t\}\) such that for all subgroups \(A_i\le H_i\), \(G\) has a subgroup of order \(\lvert A_1\rvert\dotsm \lvert A_t\rvert\). A subgroup \(A\) of \(G\) is said to be \(\sigma\)-subnormal in \(G\) if there exists a subgroup chain \[ A=A_0\le A_1\le \dots\le A_t=G \] such that either \(A_{i-1}\) is normal in \(A_i\) or \(A_i/{(A_{i-1})}_{A_i}\) is \(\sigma\)-primary for all \(i\in\{1,\dots, t\}\), a subgroup \(A\) of \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-permutable in \(G\) if \(G\) has a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set \(\{H_1,\dots, H_t\}\) such that \(AH_i^x=H_i^xA\) for every \(x\in G\) and \(i\in\{1,\dots, t\}\). The authors define the following generalisations of groups satisfying the converse of the Lagrange theorem for groups \(G\) with a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set \(\{H_1,\dots, H_t\}\): \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(G\) is an \(A_\sigma\)-group if for all subgroups \(A_i\le H_i\), \(G\) has a subgroup \(A\) of order \(\lvert A_1\rvert\dotsm \lvert A_t\rvert\) such that \(A\) is either normal or self-normalising; \item[(2)] \(G\) is an \(B_\sigma\)-group if for all subgroups \(A_i\le H_i\), \(G\) has a subgroup \(A\) of order \(\lvert A_1\rvert\dotsm \lvert A_t\rvert\) such that \(A\) is either \(\sigma\)-permutable or self-normalising; \item[(3)] \(G\) is an \(C_\sigma\)-group if for all subgroups \(A_i\le H_i\), \(G\) has a subgroup \(A\) of order \(\lvert A_1\rvert\dotsm \lvert A_t\rvert\) such that \(A\) is either \(\sigma\)-subnormal or self-normalising; \item[(4)] \(G\) is a \(B_\sigma^*\)-group if for each subgroup \(B\) of \(G\), \(G\) contains a subgroup \(H\) of order \(\lvert B\rvert\) such that \(H\) is either \(\sigma\)-permutable or self-normalising; \item[(5)] \(G\) is a \(C_\sigma^*\)-group if for each subgroup \(B\) of \(G\), \(G\) contains a subgroup \(H\) of order \(\lvert B\rvert\) such that \(H\) is either \(\sigma\)-subnormal or self-normalising. \end{itemize} The first main theorem is Theorem 1.1: Suppose that \(G\) has a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set \(\{H_1,\dots, H_t\}\) such that \(H_i\) is nilpotent when \(p\in \sigma_i\), where \(p\) is the smallest prime divisor of \(\lvert G\rvert\). Then the following statements are equivalent: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(G\) is a \(B_\sigma\)-group; \item[(2)] \(G\) is a \(C_\sigma\)-group; \item[(3)] \(G\) is a \(B_{\sigma}^*\)-group; \item[(4)] either \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-nilpotent, or \(G\) satisfies that \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-supersoluble; \item[(ii)] \(G/F_\sigma(G)\) is cyclic of order \(p\); \item[(iii)] \(G/O_p(G)\) is a Frobenius group whose Frobenius complement \(H_i/O_p(G)\) is a cyclic group of order \(p\) and \(\sigma_i\cap \pi(G)=\{p\}\) and, in particular, \(G\) is a \(\sigma\)-supersoluble group and a \(\operatorname{CLT}_\sigma\)-group. \end{itemize} \end{itemize} The second main theorem is Theorem 1.2: Suppose that \(G\) is not \(\sigma\)-nilpotent and has a complete Hall \(\sigma\)-set \(\{H_1,\dots, H_t\}\) such that \(H_i\) is nilpotent when \(p\in \sigma_i\), where \(p\) is the smallest prime divisor of \(\lvert G\rvert\). Then the following statements are equivalent: \begin{itemize} \item[(1)] \(G\) is an \(A_\sigma\)-group; \item[(2)] \(G\) satisfies that \begin{itemize} \item[(i)] \(G\) is \(\sigma\)-supersoluble; \item[(ii)] \(G/F_\sigma(G)\) is cyclic of order \(p\); \item[(iii)] \(G/O_p(G)\) is a Frobenius group whose Frobenius complement \(H_i/O_p(G)\) is a cyclic group of order \(p\) and \(\sigma_i\cap \pi(G)=\{p\}\) and in particular, \(G\) is a \(\sigma\)-supersoluble group and a \(\operatorname{CLT}_\sigma\)-group. \end{itemize} \end{itemize}