Systolic complexes and group presentations (Q6062650)

A presentation \(\langle S \ | \ R\rangle \) of a group \(G\) is called a \textit{restricted triangular presentation} if the following conditions hold: (i) \(S\cap S^{-1} = \emptyset \); (ii) \(R =\{abc^{-1} \ | \ a,b,c\in S, abc^{-1} = e\in G\}\); (iii) for all \(a,b,c\in S\), if \(abc\in S\), then \(ab, bc\in S\). The first main result of the paper (Theorem 1) shows that if a group \(G\) has a finite presentation \(\langle S \ | \ R\rangle \) which is a restricted triangular presentation, then \(\mathrm{Flag}(G,S)\) is a simply connected simplicial complex. Moreover, \(\mathrm{Flag}(G,S)\) is systolic if and only if the following conditions hold: (1) If there exist \(u, w, a, b, c, d\in S, u \neq w, a \neq d\), with \(ua = wb \in S\) and \(ud = wc \in S\), then there exists \(k\in S\) such that \(w=uk\) or \(ua = udk\) or \(u = wk\) or \(ud = uak\). (2) If there exist \(v, x, a, b, c, d\in S, v \neq x, a \neq b\), with \(bv = cx \in S\) and \(av = dx \in S\), then there exists \(k\in S\) such that \(v = kx\) or \(av = kbv\) or \(x = kv\) or \(bv = kav\). (3) If there exist \(u, v, x, b, c\in S, v \neq x\), with \(ux\in S, uv\in S\) and \(vb = xc \in S\), then there exists \(k\in S\) such that \(k = uvb\) or \(v = xk\) or \(x = vk\). (4) If there exist \(v, w, x, a, d \in S, v \neq x\), with \(vw \in S, xw \in S\) and \(dx = av \in S\), then there exists \(k \in S\) such that \(k = avw\) or \(x = kv\) or \(v = kx\). (5) If there exist \(u, v, w, x \in S, v \neq x, u \neq w\), with \(wv \in S, wx \in S, uv \in S, ux \in S\), then there exists \(k \in S\) such that \(w = ku\) or \(x = vk\) or \(u = kw\) or \(v = xk\). The above theorem is applied to Garside groups of finite type, to produce a necessary and sufficient condition for a such a group to have a systolic Garside presentation (see Theorem 2). Then Theorem 1 is applied to Artin groups; a sufficient condition on a simple graph \(\Gamma \) is presented such that it implies that the dual presentation of the associated Artin group \(A_{\Gamma }\) is systolic.