Semiorthogonal decomposition via categorical action (Q6066488)

This paper relates two notions: semiorthogonal decompositions (of triangulated categories) and categorical actions quantum groups. The former has been widely used to understand triangulated categories \(D\) of interest, dividing \(D\) into ``simpler'' subcategories \(A_1, A_2,...,A_n\) where there are no homs \(\Hom(A_i,A_j)=0\) for \(i>j\). On the other hand, understanding the natural transformations \(\Hom(E,E')\) between the functors \(E,E'\) which categorify the elements \(e,e'\) of the quantum groups is a central problem in the categorification of quantum groups. In previous work, the author introduced the \textit{shifted \(q=0\) affine algebra} together with its corresponding notion of a categorical action. Moreover, the author showed that one can define such an action on the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on \(n\)-step partial flag varieties. In the case of Grassmanians (\(n=2\)), a result by Kapranov shows that there are interesting exceptional collections of objects on their derived categories -- hence interesting semiorthogonal decompositions. Moreover, these objects can be interpreted as the Fourier-Mukai kernel of some functors categorifying the elements on the shifted \(q=0\) affine algebra. This motivates the following (more general) question: \begin{center} ``Given a categorical action of the shifted \(q=0\) affine algebra (i.e.\ a categorification), will such a collection of functors always behave like an exceptional collection?'' \end{center} The main theorem (Theorem 1.1 = Theorem 4.1) of this paper is that this is true (modulo the fact that these functors are only fully faithful). Note that this recovers Kapranov's result in special cases (Corollary 1.3 = Corollary 4.11). As an application, the author constructs (Theorem 1.5 = Theorem 5.1) two semiorthogonal decompositions for the derived category of coherent sheaves of Grassmanians (more precisely, relative Quot scheme) of coherent sheaf with homological dimension \(\leq 1\) -- the semiorthogonal decompositions of which were previously studied by Jiang-Leung and Toda.