A note on the solution to the generalized Ramanujan-Nagell equation \(x^2+(4c)^y=(c+1)^z\) (Q6067742)

Polynomial-exponential Diophantine equations of the shape \(x^2 + D^y = k^z\) (with fixed \(D,k\)) are often called generalized Ramanujan-Nagell equations. The authors consider a family of such equations, namely \[ x^2 + (4c)^y = (c+1)^z \tag{1} \] in positive integers \(c\geq 2\) and \(x,y,z\geq 1\). In [Int. Math. Forum, 17, No. 1, 1--10 (2022; \url{doi:10.12988/imf.2022.912300})] \textit{N. Terai} et al. conjectured that equation (1) has only the trivial solutions \((c,x,y,z) = (c, c-1, 1,2)\) and four sporadic solutions \((c, x, y, z) = (5, 14, 1, 3)\), \((7, 22, 1, 3)\), \((7, 104, 3, 5)\), \((309, 5458, 1, 3)\). They proved their conjecture for six special types of \(c\). In the present paper, the authors extend the previous result to eight further types of \(c\). For example, they show that the conjecture holds if \(c=p^n\), where \(p\) is an odd prime and \(n\) is even. The proofs are based on known results on Diophantine equations and elementary methods.