A non-Archimedean approach to K-stability. II: Divisorial stability and openness (Q6071110)

Working over an algebraically closed characteristic zero base field, in the article under review, the authors consider the case of an arbitrary \textit{polarized pair} \((X,B;\omega)\). Here, \(X\) is a normal projective variety, \(B\) is a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Weil divisor on \(X\) with the property that the log canonical divisor \(K_{X,B} := K_X + B\) is \(\mathbb{Q}\)-Cartier and \(\omega\) is the numerical class of an ample \(\mathbb{R}\)-divisor. The authors' main purpose is to define novel valuative and divisorial \(K\)-stability invariants, denoted respectively as \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(v)\) and \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(\mu)\), for \((X,B;\omega)\) with respect to divisorial valuations \(v \in X^{\mathrm{div}}\) on \(X\) and, respectively, divisorial measures \(\mu \in \mathcal{M}^{\mathrm{div}}\) on \(X\). Given such valuative and divisorial \(K\)-stability invariants, the authors say that \((X,B;\omega)\) is \textit{valuatively semistable} if \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(v) \geq 0\) for all divisorial valuations \(v \in X^{\mathrm{div}}\) whereas \((X,B;\omega)\) is \textit{valuatively stable} if \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(v) \geq \epsilon \|v\|_{\omega}\) for some \(\epsilon > 0\). Here, \(\|v\|_{\omega}\) is the expected order of vanishing of \(\omega\) with respect to \(v\). On the other hand, \((X,B;\omega)\) is \textit{divisorially semistable} if \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega}(\mu) \geq 0\) for all divisorial measures \(\mu \in \mathcal{M}^{\mathrm{div}}\); \((X,B;\omega)\) is \textit{divisorially stable} if \(\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(\mu) \geq \epsilon\|\mu\|_{\omega}\) for some \(\epsilon > 0\). Here, \(\|\cdot\|_{\omega} \colon \mathcal{M} \rightarrow [0,\infty]\) is the energy functional for \(\mathcal{M}\) the space of Radon probability measures on the Berkovich analytification of \(X\). Within this framework, the authors establish a number of results. For example, they prove that for each divisorial measure \(\mu \in \mathcal{M}^{\mathrm{div}}\), the function \(\omega \mapsto \| \mu \|_{\omega}\) is of class \(C^1\) on the ample cone \(\operatorname{Amp}(X)\). Further, the authors define and study a divisorial stability threshold \[ \sigma_{\mathrm{div}}(X,B;\omega) := \inf_{\mu \in \mathcal{M}^{\mathrm{div}} \setminus \{ \mu_{\mathrm{triv}} \}} \frac{\beta_{(X,B;\omega)}(\mu)}{\|\mu\|_{\omega} } \] for each polarized pair \((X,B;\omega)\). They prove that \(\sigma_{\mathrm{div}}(X,B;\omega) > - \infty\) if and only if \((X,B)\) is sublc. Further, the divisorial stability threshold \(\sigma_{\mathrm{div}}(X,B;\omega)\) depends continuously on the ample class \(\omega \in \operatorname{Amp}(X)\). Among other results, it follows that the condition that \((X,B;\omega)\) is divisorially semistable is open on the given ample class \(\omega \in \operatorname{Amp}(X)\). The authors then investigate the manner in which the divisorial stability threshold \(\sigma_{\mathrm{div}}(X,B;L)\) for \((X,B;L)\) a polarized subklt pair with \(L\) a \(\mathbb{Q}\)-ample line bundle, can be calculated via the theory of multiplicative graded and linearly bounded filtrations of the section ring \(R(X,L)\). In this direction, letting \(\mathcal{N}_{\mathbb{R}}\) denote the set of norms determined by such filtrations and letting \(M(\chi)\) and \(\|\chi\|\), for \(\chi \in \mathcal{N}_{\mathbb{R}}\), denote respectively the Mabuchi K-energy and minimum norm, the authors prove that \[ \sigma_{\mathrm{div}}(X,B;L) = \inf_{\substack{ \chi \in \mathcal{N}_{\mathbb{R}} \\ \|\chi\|>0}} \frac{M(\chi)}{\|\chi\|} . \] As one consequence of this, the authors deduce their main result: uniform \(K\)-stability for filtrations is an open condition on the polarization. Finally, the authors state a conjecture about entropy regularization for rational divisorial norms. Further, they explain the manner in which their framework for valuative and divisorial K-stability fit within the existing literature, including the work of \textit{C. Li} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 55, No. 6, 1529-1574 (2022; Zbl 1508.58004)], \textit{R. Dervan and E. Legendre} [Math. Ann. 385, No. 1-2, 357-391 (2023; Zbl 1528.14052)], and the concepts of divisorial stability that arise in the work of \textit{K. Fujita} [Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 113, No. 5, 541-582 (2016; Zbl 1375.14139)] and the reviewer [Asian J. Math. 24, No. 6, 995-1006 (2020; Zbl 1473.14043)].