Sequences behavior and applications (Q6077109)

Let \(j\) be a fixed non negative integer. Let \(\{x_n\}\) be a sequence of complex numbers and let \(\Delta x_j=x_{j+1}-x_j\). Then \(\Delta^n x_j= \sum_{k=0}^n (-1)^{n-k}\binom{n}{k}x_{j+k}\). Let \(0<\alpha< 1\). It is shown that (a) \(|x_n|=O(e^{\epsilon n^{\alpha}})\), as \(n \rightarrow \infty\) for all \(\epsilon>0\), and (b) \(|\Delta^n x_j|^{\frac{1}{n}} \rightarrow 0\) as \(n \rightarrow \infty\), if and only if there exists a positive constant \(R\) such that \(\| \Delta^n x_j \|\le R^n n^{n(1-\frac{1}{\alpha})}\). The author also proves that if (a) the Cesàro means \(M_n(x_n)=O(n^k)\), as \(n \rightarrow \infty\) for some positive integer \(k\), and (b) the condition \(n^{1-\frac{1}{n}}|\Delta^n x_j|^{\frac{1}{n}} \rightarrow 0\) as \(n \rightarrow \infty\) are satisfied, then \(\Delta^{k+1}x_j=0\). Applications to the orbits of operators are given.