Asymptotics in the spectral parameter for solutions of \(2 \times 2\) systems of ordinary differential equations (Q6084909)

A \(2\times 2\) system of ordinary differential equations \[ y'-By= \lambda A y \] is considered on the interval \([0,1]\), where \(A=\mathrm{diag}(a_1(x), a_2(x))\) and \(B=(b_{kj}(x))_{k,j=1}^2\). The functions occuring in the matrices are complex-valued and integrable. The authors obtain \(n+1\) terms of the asymptotic expansion in powers of \(\lambda^{-1}\) of the fundamental matrix solution of the equation for the case \(a_1, a_2, b_{12}, b_{21}\in W_1^n[0,1]\) and \(b_{11}, b_{22}\in W_1^{n-1}[0,1]\). Assuming minimal conditions for the smoothness of the functions, they prove that the asymptotic expansions are valid in the half-planes \(\Pi_{\kappa}=\{\lambda \in\mathbb C : \mathrm{Re} \ge -\kappa\}\), \(\kappa\in\mathbb R\), and \(-\Pi_{\kappa}\) if \(a_1(x)-a_2(x)>0\). These asymptotic expansions hold in the sectors \(S=\{\lambda \in \mathbb C : |\arg \lambda|\le \pi/2-\phi-\varepsilon\}\), \(\varepsilon>0\), and \(-S\) with \(|\arg(a_1(x)-a_2(x))|<\phi<\pi/2\). In addition, the authors obtain explicit formulae for matrices involved in the asymptotic expansions.