Linear preservers of Hadamard circulant majorization (Q6089317)

Let \(X\) and \(Y\) be two real \(n \times n\) matrices. We say that \(X\) is \textit{Hadamard circulant majorized} by \(Y\), denoted by \(X \prec_{HC} Y\), if there exists an \(n\times n\) circulant doubly stochastic matrix \(C\) such that \(X = C \odot Y\). Here \(C \odot Y\) denotes the Hadamard (entrywise) matrix product. The authors study linear preservers of Hadamard circulant majorization; that is, a linear operator \(T: M_n(\mathbb R) \to M_n(\mathbb R)\) with the property that \(T(X) \prec_{HC} T(Y)\) whenever \(X \prec_{HC} Y\). The authors characterize \(T\) in terms of its compatibility with the standard inner product on \(M_n\) ( see Theorem 3 in the paper). We say that \(T\) \textit{strongly preserves} Hadamard circulant majorization if \(T(X) \prec_{HC} T(Y)\) if and only if \(X \prec_{HC} Y\). The authors also prove the following: If \(T: M_n(\mathbb R) \to M_n(\mathbb R)\) is a linear operator, then \(T\) strongly preserves the Hadamard circulant majorization if and only if \(T\) is invertible and preserves the Hadamard circulant majorization (see Theorem 7 in the paper).