On the sum of a prime power and a power in short intervals (Q6090795)

Let \(R_{k,\ell}(N)\) be the representation function for the equation \(N=p^k+n^\ell\) with logarithmic weight given by \[ R(N)=R_{k,\ell}(N)=\sum_{p^k+n^\ell=N}\log p. \] In the paper under review, the author proves that for real numbers \(X,H,\varepsilon\) with \(4\le H\le X\) and \(\varepsilon>0\) satisfying \(X^{\Theta(1,2)+\varepsilon}\le H\le X^{1-\varepsilon}\) with \(\Theta(1,2)=\frac{32-4\sqrt{15}}{49}\), \[ \sum_{X<N\le X+H}R_{1,2}(N)=HX^{\frac{1}{2}}+O_\varepsilon(HX^{\frac{1}{2}}B^{-1}). \] More generally, he shows that for positive integers \(k,\ell\) with \(\ell\ge2\), and real numbers \(X,H,\varepsilon\) with \(4\le H\le X\) and \(\varepsilon>0\), \[ \sum_{X<N\le X+H}R_{k,\ell}(N)=\frac{1}{k\ell} \frac{\Gamma(\frac{1}{k})\Gamma(\frac{1}{\ell})} {\Gamma(\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{\ell})}HX^{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{\ell}-1}+O(HX^{\frac{1}{k}+\frac{1}{\ell}-1}B^{-1}), \] where \(X^{\Theta(k,\ell)+\varepsilon}\le H\le X^{1-\varepsilon}\) and \(\Theta(k,\ell)\) determined explicitly. As a corollary, the author obtains the exponent \(1-\frac{1}{k}\) unconditionally for the case \(k\ge2\) and \(\ell=2\), which was obtained under the Riemann hypothesis, already. More precisely, he shows that for positive integer \(k\) with \(k\ge2\), and real numbers \(X,H,\varepsilon\) with \(4\le H\le X\) and \(\varepsilon>0\), one has the above last asymptotic formula with \(\ell=2\) provided \(X^{1-\frac{1}{k}+\varepsilon}\le H\le X^{1-\varepsilon}\), where the implicit constant depends on \(k\) and \(\varepsilon\).