Anticyclotomic main conjecture and the non-triviality of Rankin-Selberg \(L\)-values in Hida families (Q6101543)

The main goal of this paper is to prove Conjectures 9.12 and 9.5 established in the paper of the second named author and of \textit{S. Vigni} [Manuscr. Math. 135, No. 3--4, 273--328 (2011; Zbl 1320.11054)]. The proofs are given in Theorem 4.1 and Corollary 4.2. More precisely, it is proved the two variable anticyclotomic Iwasawa main conjecture for Hida families and it is discussed its arithmetic application to a definite version of the horizontal non-vanishing conjecture, formulated in [loc. cit.]. Fix a prime \(p\geq 5\) and an integer \(N\) such that \(p\nmid N\). Let \({\mathcal R}\) be the primitive branch of a Hida family of \(p\)-adic modular forms of tame conductor \(N\). Let \({\mathbf f}=\sum_{n\geq 1} a_nq^n\in {\mathcal R}[[q]]\) be the Hida family of \(p\)-adic modular forms associated with \({\mathcal R}\). Let \({\mathbf T}^{\dagger}\) denote the self-dual twist of Hida's big Galois representation attached to \({\mathcal R}\). Set \({\mathbf A}^{\dagger}:={\mathbf T}^{\dagger}\otimes_{\mathcal R}{\mathcal R}^{\vee}\), where \({\mathcal R}^{\vee}\) is the Pontrygin dual of \({\mathcal R}\). Let \(K_{\infty}\) be the anticyclotomic \({\mathbb Z}_p\)-extension of \(K\), where \(K\) is a quadratic imaginary field of discriminant prime to \(Np\). Let \(\tilde H^1_{f}(K_{\infty},{\mathbf A}^{\dagger})^{\vee}\) be the Pontrygin dual of the Nekovář's extended Selmer group of \({\mathbf A}^{\dagger}\) over \(K_{\infty}\). The first main result is that if \(N\) and \(p\) satisfy some restrictions, \(\tilde H^1_{f}(K_{\infty},{\mathbf A}^{ \dagger})^{\vee}\) is a cotorsion \({\mathcal R}[[\Gamma_{ \infty}]]\)-module, and its characteristic ideal is equal to the ideal generated by the two variable \(p\)-adic \(L\)-function \(L_{p}({\mathbf f}/K)\). Here \(\Gamma_{\infty}:=\mathrm{Gal}(K_{ \infty}/K)\cong {\mathbb Z}_p\). Let \(\tilde H^1_{f}(K,{\mathbf T}^{\dagger})\) denote the Nekovář's extended Selmer group of \({\mathbf T}^{ \dagger}\) over \(K\) and let \({\mathcal J}_0:=\chi_{\mathrm{triv}}( \theta_{\infty}({\mathbf f}))\), where \(\chi_{\mathrm{triv}}\) is the trivial character of \(\Gamma_{\infty}\) and \(\theta_{\infty}({ \mathbf f})\in{\mathcal R}[[\Gamma_{\infty}]]\) is constructed in [loc. cit.]. The second main result is that, under the same restrictions for \(N\) and \(p\), if \(\tilde H^1_{f}(K, {\mathbf T}^{\dagger})\) is a torsion \({\mathcal R}\)-module, then \({\mathcal J}_0\neq 0\). The proofs of the main results are based on a control theorem for Selmer groups of Hida's big Galois representations over the anticyclotomic \({\mathbb Z}_p\)-extension, a close relation between \(L_p({\mathbf f}/K)\) and the self-dual twist of the specialization to the anticyclotomic line of the three-variable \(p\)-adic \(L\)-functions of Skinner-Urban, and the tree-variable Iwasawa main conjecture proved by \textit{C. Skinner} and \textit{E. Urban} [Invent. Math. 195, No. 1, 1--277 (2014; Zbl 1301.11074)].