Mean convergence of Lagrange interpolation (Q6105854)

The authors study the mean convergence of Lagrange interpolation at the zeros of para-orthogonal polynomials for measures on the unit circle. Let \(\mu\) be a nontrivial finite positive Borel measure on the unit circle \(\mathbb{T}\), and let \(\{w_n\}_{n=0}^{\infty}\) be a sequence of points in \(\mathbb{T}\). For each \(n\), let \(Z_n(w_n)\) denote the \(n + 1\) zeros of para-orthogonal polynomial of degree \(n +1\) associated to \(w_n\) and \(\mu\). It is well known that \(Z_n(w_n)\subset \mathbb{T}\). Given a function \(f\) defined in \(\mathbb{T}\), let \(L_n(f)\) denote the \(n\)th Lagrange interpolation polynomial of \(f\) with respect to \(Z_n(w_n)\). Denote by \(\mu'\) the Radon-Nikodym derivative of \(\mu\) with respect to \(m\), where \(m\) is the Lebesgue measure in \(\mathbb{T}\). Let also \(A(\overline{\mathbb{D}})=H(\mathbb{D})\cap C(\overline{\mathbb{D}})\), where \(H(\mathbb{D})\) is the set of all functions holomorphic in the unit disk \(\mathbb{D}\). The authors obtain mean convergence of \(L_n(f)\) in two different settings. {Theorem 1.1.} Suppose that \(\log \mu'\not\in L^1(m)\). If \(f \in C(\mathbb{T})\) then for all \(p \in(0,2]\) we have \[ \lim_{n\to \infty} \|f-L_n(f)\|_p= 0. \] An analogous result holds for all nontrivial finite positive measures if we consider Lagrange interpolation of functions in the disk algebra \(A(\overline{\mathbb{D}})\). {Theorem 1.2.} If \(f \in A(\overline{\mathbb{D}})\) then for all \(p \in(0,2]\) we have \[ \lim_{n\to \infty} \|f-L_n(f)\|_p= 0. \] As an immediate consequence of the proof of Theorem 1.1, the authors obtain the following result. {Corollary 3.1.} We have \[ \lim_{n\to \infty} \|f-L_n(f)\|_2= 0,\quad \forall f\in C(\mathbb{T}), \] if and only if polynomials are dense in \(L^2(\mu)\).