Module structures on \(U(S^-)\) for the Schrödinger algebra (Q6115721)

The Schrödinger algebra is the Lie algebra of the Schrödinger group, which is the symmetry group of the free particle Schrödinger equation. Let \(S\) denote the Schrödinger algebra. Then \(S = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}} \{e,h, f , p, q, z\}\) satisfying Lie brackets: \begin{center} \([h, e] = 2e\), \hspace{2mm} \([h, f ]=-2 f\), \hspace{2mm} \([e, f ] = h\), \hspace{2mm} \([h, p] = p\), \hspace{2mm} \([h, q]=-q\), \hspace{2mm} \([p, q] = z\), \([e, q] = p\), \hspace{2mm} \([f, p]= q\), \hspace{2mm} \([e, p] = 0\), \hspace{2mm} \([ f , q] = 0\), \hspace{2mm} \([z, S] = 0\). \end{center} One sees that the algebra \(S\) contains two subalgebras: the Heisenberg subalgebra \(\mathcal{H} = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}}\{p, q, z\}\) and \(\mathfrak{sl}_2 = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}}\{e,f,h \}\). The Schrödinger algebra \(S\) can be viewed as a semidirect product \(S = \mathcal{H} \rtimes \mathfrak{sl}_2\), and it also has a triangular decomposition \(S=S^-\oplus S^0\oplus S^+\), where \(S^- = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}}\{f,q\}\), \(S^0 = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}}\{ h,z\}\), and \(S^+ = \text{span}_{\mathbb{C}}\{e,p\}\). Y.-a. Cai, Y. He, and R. Lü classify modules which are free of rank 1 over the negative part for \(S\). Sufficient and necessary conditions for such modules to be simple are given in this paper. From these modules, the authors construct examples of simple \(S\)-modules which are free of arbitrary rank over \(U(\mathbb{C}h)\).