Categorical view of the partite lemma in structural Ramsey theory (Q6115836)

Structural Ramsey theory was initiated by \textit{F. G. Abramson} and \textit{L. A. Harrington} [J. Symb. Log. 43, 572--600 (1978; Zbl 0391.03027)] and \textit{J. Nešetřil} and \textit{V. Rödl} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 35, 183--201 (1983; Zbl 0515.05010); Discrete Math. 75, No. 1--3, 327--334 (1989; Zbl 0671.05006); J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 22, 289--312 (1977; Zbl 0361.05017)] expanded upon the Abramsaon and Harrington result. Recently \textit{J. Hubička} and \textit{J. Nešetřil} [Adv. Math. 356, Article ID 106791, 89 p. (2019; Zbl 1421.05091)] established a version of the Nešetřil-Rödl theorem for classes of structures with certain closure properties. This group of theorems is fundamental to structural Ramsey theory, which has been a revival in the recent years [\textit{J. Fox} and \textit{R. Li}, Random Struct. Algorithms 57, No. 4, 1174--1204 (2020; Zbl 1454.05076); \textit{D. Mašulović}, Eur. J. Comb. 112, Article ID 103716, 24 p. (2023; Zbl 1518.05195); \textit{J. Nešetřil}, Eur. J. Comb. 28, No. 1, 457--468 (2007; Zbl 1106.05099); \textit{L. Nguyen Van Thé}, Structural Ramsey theory of metric spaces and topological dynamics of isometry groups. Providence, RI: American Mathematical Society (AMS) (2010; Zbl 1203.05159); \textit{M. Sokić}, J. Symb. Log. 80, No. 4, 1236--1259 (2015; Zbl 1332.05141)]. At the core of these theorems is a result known as the Partite Lemma. \textit{S. Solecki} [J. Comb. Theory, Ser. A 117, No. 6, 704--714 (2010; Zbl 1247.05256)] gave a dual version of the Partite Lemma. This paper shows that the objects produced by the Partite Lemma and its dual version are acturally canonical category-theoretic objects called cocones and colimits, allowing for a unification of the original Partite Lemman and its dual version.