Growth and integrability of some birational maps in dimension three (Q6122832)

This paper is devoted to the characterisation of the growth and integrability properties of a collection of birational transformations of the complex projective space \(\mathbb{P}^3\), i.e. a subset of the so-called Cremona group, denoted by \(\mbox{BIR}(\mathbb{P}^3)\). Motivated by the study of the Kahan-Hirota-Kimura (KHK) discretisation of the Euler top, the authors characterise the growth and integrability properties of a collection of elements in the Cremona group of a complex projective 3-space using techniques from algebraic geometry. This collection consists of maps obtained by composing the standard Cremona transformation \(c_3\in\mbox{BIR}(\mathbb{P}^3)\) with projectivities that permute the fixed points of \(c_3\) and the points over which \(c_3\) performs a divisorial contraction. Specifically, they show that three behaviour are possible: (A) integrable with quadratic degree growth and two invariants, (B) periodic with two-periodic degree sequences and more than two invariants, and (C) non-integrable with submaximal degree growth and one invariant. This paper is organized as follows: The first Section is an introduction to the subject and statement of results. In Section 2, the authors present the motivations to consider the Cremona-cubes group, taken from the recent literature on the KHK discretisation. In Section 3, the authors recall some of the needed properties of the standard Cremona transformations, and they describe their resolutions of indeterminacies in dimensions 2 and 3. In dimension 3, the associated variety is singular at twelve conifold points. In Section 4, the authors introduce rigorously the Cremona-cubes group, a subgroup of \(\mathbb{P}Gl(4,\mathbb{C})\). Section 5 deals with the spaces of initial values and the algebraic entropy. Here the authors prove the growth properties described above. Section 6, the authors introduce a notion of covariant linear system with respect a fixed divisor. They discuss the existence of covariant linear systems of quadrics and quartics. In Section 7, the authors explain how to determine the existence of invariants in three cases and how to compute all of them. They construct the invariants via geometrical arguments. In particular, they find results matching with those of Section 5 because they find two invariants for integrable maps, three for periodic maps, and only one for non-integrable ones. Section 8 is devoted to some conclusion and some outlook for future works.