Number of zeros of exponential polynomials in zero residue characteristic (Q6133143)

Let \({\mathbb{L}}\) be a field of zero characteristic, complete with respect to an absolute value \(|\cdot|\). Let \(\exp\) be the exponential function \(\exp(x)=\sum_{j=1}^\infty x^j/j!\). Let \(F(x)=\sum_{i=1}^k f_i(x) \exp(\zeta_i x)\) be an exponential polynomial, with \(k\ge 1\), \(\zeta_i\in {\mathbb{L}}\), \(f_i\in{\mathbb{L}}[x]\setminus\{0\}\). Upper bounds for the number of zeroes of \(F\) in a disk of \({\mathbb{L}}\) is a classical topic. When \({\mathbb{L}}={\mathbb{C}}\), it was investigated by \textit{S. Dancs} and \textit{P. Turán} [Publ. Math. 11, 257--265, 266--272 (1964; Zbl 0136.06201)], \textit{K. Mahler} [Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18, 83--96 (1967; Zbl 0207.35602)], \textit{A. O. Gelfond} [Transcendental and algebraic numbers. New York: Dover Publications, Inc. (1960; Zbl 0090.26103)], \textit{R. Tijdeman} [Nederl. Akad. Wet., Proc., Ser. A 74, 1--7 (1971; Zbl 0211.09201)] and others, in connection with transcendental number theory. For the case where \({\mathbb{L}}\) is ultrametric with residue characteristic \(p>0\), see the papers by \textit{A. J. van der Poorten} [Nederl. Akad. Wet., Proc., Ser. A 79, 46--49 (1976; Zbl 0318.30006); J. Aust. Math. Soc., Ser. A 22, 12--26 (1976; Zbl 0348.12022)] and \textit{Ph. Robba} [in: Groupe d'Étude d'Anal. Ultramétr., 4e Année 1976/77, Exp. No. 9, 3 p. (1978; Zbl 0381.12010)]. Here the author considers the case where \({\mathbb{L}}\) is ultrametric with residue characteristic zero. Assuming \(|\zeta_i|<1\), he proves that the number of zeroes of \(F\) in the disk \(\{x\in {\mathbb{L}} \mid |x|<1\}\), taking multiplicities into account, is at most \({\operatorname{deg}}f_1+\dots+{\operatorname{deg}}f_k+k-1\), which is optimal.