Gravitational lensing effect in the universe with a Finsler background (Q6141323)

This paper investigates the gravitational lensing effect in galactic astronomy using Finsler geometrical methods. Thus, for anisotropic Finsler surfaces, by using the Landsberg angle, the author defines four deflection angles on asymptotically Minkowskian flat manifolds, such as conducting, inverse, dextronormal and levonormal, which are not equal mutually on a general Finsler space, unlike in the case of Euclidean spaces. Afterwards, using a Gauss-Bonnet type result on Finsler surfaces from [\textit{J. Itoh} et al., Kyoto J. Math. 50, No. 1, 165--192 (2010; Zbl 1193.53159)], the author proves Theorem 1.1 which gives an integral representation for the light deflection angle of the gravitational lens on an asymptotic symmetric Minkowskian flat space, via its relevant curvatures: the \(T\)-curvature \({\mathcal T}_N(T)\), the Gauss curvature \(K\) and the Landsberg curvature \(J\). From a physical point of view, this Finslerian result determines the author to believe that the mass distribution in space can affect the deflection of light and viceversa, such that the dark matter could be considered as a combination of non-Riemannian geometrical quantities in anisotropic spaces.