Sufficient conditions for the surjectivity of radical curve parametrizations (Q6142843)

The radical parametrization of a curve admits nested combinations of radicals and polynomial expressions of numerators and denominators. Unlike the rational parametrization of an irreducible curve, the radical one consists of more branches. The parametrization is said to be surjective if the union of the branches of the images is a Zariski closed set. Given a radical parametrization of a curve in complex affine space, the paper brings sufficient conditions for the parametrization to be surjective. The non-surjectivity may appear if the image of the infinity belongs to the affine space. To detect it, one must control the degrees of the expressions in numerators and denominators of the parametrization. The paper solves the difficulty of attributing the degrees of expressions containing radicals. Technically the problem is solved by writing the parametrized curve as a projection of an algebraic curve in more dimensional affine space. After projecting the algebraic curve to a suitable space, the conditions for lifting a partial solution using the Extension Theorem are studied.