Asymptotics of long nonlinear propagating waves in a one-dimensional basin with gentle shores (Q6146931)

This manuscript embarks on an in-depth examination of the propagation of nonlinear waves within a one-dimensional basin, considering the impact of a variable bottom on wave dynamics. This study is set against the backdrop of understanding the behavior of long waves in shallow waters, a topic of substantial interest due to its relevance in predicting natural phenomena like tsunamis and managing water resources effectively. The scientific problem addressed by the authors revolves around the Cauchy problem for the one-dimensional shallow water equations over a variable bottom profile. The study aims to construct asymptotic solutions for long nonlinear waves propagating in a basin with gentle slopes leading to the shores. This is significant for comprehending how the bottom topography influences wave characteristics such as amplitude, speed, and the potential for wave breaking, which are critical for coastal engineering and environmental science. To tackle this problem, the authors employ a methodological approach that first analyzes the linearized version of the shallow water equations to gain insights into wave propagation over uneven bottom topographies. They construct exact solutions for waves in narrow channels and develop asymptotic expansions for these solutions, focusing on localized wave packets. The study further extends these linearized solutions to the nonlinear regime through a combination of analytical techniques, including parametric changes of variables and explicit solution constructions. This methodological framework allows for a detailed exploration of the dynamics of wave propagation and the interaction between waves and variable bottom profiles, offering a nuanced understanding of the underlying physical processes. The main findings of this manuscript underscore the critical role of the basin's bottom topography in modulating wave characteristics. The authors successfully derive asymptotic solutions that describe the behavior of long waves as they propagate over gentle slopes, highlighting the conditions under which waves maintain their structure without breaking. The study reveals that the amplitude and speed of waves are significantly affected by the shape of the bottom profile, with certain configurations leading to enhanced wave stability. These results not only advance the theoretical understanding of wave dynamics in shallow waters but also provide practical insights into the design and management of coastal and marine infrastructure to mitigate the impact of natural and anthropogenic disturbances on wave behavior. In conclusion, the research conducted by the authors makes a significant contribution to the field of mathematical physics by elucidating the complex interplay between long wave propagation and bottom topography in shallow water environments. Their methodical approach, combining linear analysis with nonlinear extensions, paves the way for further investigations into the predictive modeling of wave dynamics under varying environmental conditions. This study not only enriches the theoretical landscape of shallow water wave research but also offers tangible guidelines for environmental planning and disaster risk reduction strategies.