Diophantine approximation with smooth numbers (Q6158135)

If \(\theta\) is irrational and \(\varphi\) is real, then we find an extensive literature on the existence of small distances from \(\theta n + \varphi\) to the nearest integer, when the integers \(n\) belong to thin (and not-so-thin) sets. In the paper at hand, the author treats this problem for smooth numbers \(n\), specifically for positive integers \(n\) with the property that all their prime factors are bounded above by \((\log n)^C\), for fixed \(C>2\). He shows that there are infinitely many such \(n\) with the property that the distances from \(\theta n + \varphi\) to the nearest integer satisfies, given \(\varepsilon > 0\), \[ \| \theta n + \varphi \| < n^{-{\left( \frac{1}{3} - \frac{2}{3C} \right)+\varepsilon}}. \] The proof of this results depends upon results from Diophantine approximation and careful use of exponential sums.