The 2-rank of the real pure quartic number field \(K= \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[4]{pd^{2}})\) (Q6158188)

This paper delves into the study of the 2-rank of class groups within a specific category of quartic number fields, denoted as \(K\), where \(K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt[4]{pd^2})\). Here, \(p\) is a prime number, and \(d\) is for a square-free positive integer. The paper computes the 2-rank of the class group of \(K\), depending on the congruence properties of prime factors. The primary theorems put forth in the paper furnish explicit formulas for the 2-rank under varying conditions related to the prime factors p and d. The paper makes effective use of the well-known formula for \(r_2(K)\), representing the 2-rank of the class group, that is \(r_2(K)=u + u_\infty - e - 1\). Here, \(u\) denotes the count of finite primes that are ramified in \(K/k\), \(u_\infty\) is the number of infinite primes that undergo ramification in \(K/k\), and \(e\) is determined by the equation \(2^e = [E_k : E_k \cap N_{K/k}(K^\times)]\), where \(E_k\) corresponds to the unit group of \(k\), and \(N_{K/k}\) denotes the norm mapping from \(K\) to \(k\). The authors compute \(u\) and \(u_\infty\) for the specific quartic number field \(K\), contingent on the congruence status of the prime \(p\) modulo 8. These computations are rooted in various characteristics of the field \(K\) and its associated prime numbers. The determination of \(e\), a pivotal parameter in the \(r_2(K)\) formula, involves the application of Dirichlet's unit theorem. The value of \(e\) can assume one of three values: \(0\), \(1\), or \(2\) contingent upon specific conditions linked to the units present in field \(K\). The computation of \(e\) is reliant on the calculation of the quadratic Hilbert symbol for representatives of elements within \(E_k/E_k \cap N_{K/k}(K^\times),\) discerning whether they are norms or not. Additionally, the authors provide illustrative instances by showcasing a range of numerical examples, which have been computed using the Pari-GP calculator. These findings significantly contribute to the comprehension of class group structures within quartic number fields. This study holds substantial significance within the realm of algebraic number theory, specifically within the domain of quartic number fields. The outcomes achieved shed illuminating insights on the composition of class groups in quartic number fields and offer valuable perspectives on the distribution of 2-class groups for those extensions.