Construction of the Unruh state for a real scalar field on the Kerr-de Sitter spacetime (Q6158486)

An interesting open problem in physics during last decades is the merger of general relativity and quantum field theory into a theory of quantum gravity. When one studies a physical effect of certain quantum field in a curved space-time, a first question is to determine a class of quantum states which adequately describes the physical properties of the physical object under consideration. It is known that the state should satisfy the Hadamard property which is a regularity requirement necessary to allow for the assignment of finite expectation values with finite fluctuations to nonlinear observables. For scalar quantum fields on Schwarzschild spacetimes, there exist two options: the Hartle-Hawking state [\textit{J. B. Hartle} and \textit{S. W. Hawking}, Phys. Rev. D 13, 2188--2203 (1976; \url{doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.13.2188}); \textit{W. Israel}, Phys. Lett. A 57, 107--110 (1976; \url{doi:10.1016/0375-9601(76)90178-X}); \textit{K. Sanders}, Lett. Math. Phys. 105, No. 4, 575--640 (2015; Zbl 1325.81129); \textit{C. Gérard}, Rev. Math. Phys. 33, No. 8, Article ID 2150028, 69 p. (2021; Zbl 1483.81113)] and the Unruh state [\textit{W. G. Unruh}, Phys. Rev. D 14, 870 (1976; \url{doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.14.870}); \textit{C. Dappiaggi} et al., Adv. Theor. Math. Phys. 15, No. 2, 355--447 (2011; Zbl 1257.83008)]. The Hartle-Hawking state is a global thermal equilibrium state at the Hawking temperature of the black hole. In contrast, the Unruh state is not a thermal equilibrium state. Untill nowadays, analogues of the Unruh state have been costructed as well a proof of their Hadamard property on Schwarzschild de-Sitter spacetimes. The author states that an analogue of the Unruh state on Kerr or Kerr-de Sitter (KdS) spacetimes for scalar fields has not been rigorously constructed so far. The definition of Unruh state on KdS spacetimes with sufficiently slow rotation and sufficiently small cosmological constant would be of interest for the reader. Further, in the present paper it is shown Hadamard property in some subregion of the black hole exterior. Next, the author demonstrates that an extension of the Unruh state, which describes the expected late-time behaviour in spherically symmetric gravitational collapse, can be rigorously constructed for the free scalar field on such KdS spacetimes. It turns out that the stated extension of the Unruh state is a Hadamard state in the black hole exterior and in the black hole interior up to the inner horizon.