Some properties of thinness and fine topology with relative capacity (Q6159160)

Let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^d\) be open and let \(K\subset\Omega\) be compact. Let \(L_\vartheta^{p}(\mathbb R^d)\) denote the space of all measurable functions such that \(\inf\{\lambda>0:\int_\Omega|f(x)\lambda^{-1}|^{p(x)}\vartheta(x)dx\leq1\}<+\infty\). Put \(W_\vartheta^{1,p}(\mathbb R^d):=\{f\in L_\vartheta^{p}(\mathbb R^d): |\nabla f|\in L_\vartheta^{p}(\mathbb R^d)\}\). The relative capacity is defined by the formula \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}^\ast(K,\Omega):= \inf_{f\in R_{p,\vartheta}(K,\Omega)}\int_\Omega(|\nabla f(x)|^{p(x)}\vartheta(x)dx\), where \(R_{p,\vartheta}(K,\Omega):=\{f\in W_\vartheta^{1,p}(\Omega)\cap\mathcal C_0(\Omega): f>1 \text{ on }K, \;f\geq0\}\), \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}(U,\Omega):=\sup_{K\subset\subset U}\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}^\ast(K,\Omega)\), \(U\) open, \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}(U\Omega):=\inf_{E\subset U\subset\Omega}\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}(U,\Omega)\). The authors introduce a new notion of thinness with respect to \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}\) and study various aspects of this notion. In particular, they investigate the relationship with finely open and finely closed sets. They also discuss the fine topology and compare this topology with Euclidean one. A set \(E\) is said to be \((p,\vartheta)\)-thick at \(x\in\mathbb R^d\) if \(E\) is not \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at \(x\). A set \(U\subset\mathbb R^d\) is called \((p,\vartheta)\)-finely open if \(\mathbb R^2\setminus U\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at \(x\in U\). The authors prove that: -- The \((p,\vartheta)\)-fine topology on \(\mathbb R^d\) is generated by \((p,\vartheta)\)-finely open sets. -- A set \(A\subset\mathbb R^d\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at an \(x\in\mathbb R^d\) if and only if for any \(\delta>0\), the set \(A\cap B(x,\delta)\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at \(x\). -- Suppose that there is an \(x\in A\) such that \(\mathbb R^d\setminus A\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at \(x\). The authors present conditions under which there exists an \(s>0\) such that \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}(B(x, s)\setminus A, B(x, 2s)) < \operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta} (B(x, s), B(x, 2s))\). -- Let \(A\subset B(x_0,r)\), \(\operatorname{cap}_{p,\vartheta}(A, B(x_0,4r))\geq1\) and \(0< r\leq s\leq2r\). Assume that \(A\subset\mathbb R^d\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at an \(x\in\overline A\setminus A\). Then there exists an open neighborhood \(U\) of \(A\) such that \(U\) is \((p,\vartheta)\)-thin at \(x\notin U\).