A short proof of Levinson's theorem (Q616141)

As the author summarizes, in 1974 \textit{N. Levinson} (see paper's bibliography) [Zbl 0277.10032; Zbl 0281.10017] proved that 1/3 of the zeros of the Riemann zeta function \(\zeta(s)\) lie on the critical line. If \(N(T)\) denotes the number of \(\zeta\) non-trivial zeros with positive imaginary part up to \(T\) and if \(N_0(T)\) denotes the number of such ``critical'', zeros (i.e., again with imaginary part in between \(0\) and \(T\), but real part \(1/2\)), defining \[ \kappa :=\liminf_{T\to \infty}{{N_0(T)}\over {N(T)}} \] the result is: \(\kappa >1/3\). Actually, the author's lower bound here calculated from Theorem 1 is : \(\kappa \geq 0.34\ldots\) (see the paper for the exact statement). To quote the author's exposition of Levinson approach: ``The basic technology to prove that many zeros lie on the critical line is an asymptotic for a mollified second moment of the zeta function (and its derivative).'' He shows how to simplify the proof of Levinson's theorem, namely giving a shorter proof, in his Theorem 1. The main ``raison d'être'', of this review, is an invitation to read the originals (both Levinson's papers, though long, and the present one).