Twisted conjugacy classes in nilpotent groups. (Q616344)

A group \(G\) is said to have property \(R_\infty\) if for every automorphism \(\varphi\) the number of twisted conjugacy classes is infinite, and we write \(G\in R_\infty\). The class of nilpotent groups contains groups which have property \(R_\infty\) and groups which do not have property \(R_\infty\). The main goal of paper under review is to give a contribution to the problem of classifying which nilpotent groups have property \(R_\infty\). The main result is Theorem 4.3: Let \(N_{rc}\) be a free nilpotent group of rank \(r\geq 2\) and class \(c\geq 2\). Suppose that for \(r=2\) we have \(c\geq 4r\) and for \(r\geq 4\) we have \(c\geq 2r\). Then \(N_{rc}\in R_\infty\). One of the main ingredients used is a theorem about automorphisms of free nilpotent groups by \textit{E. Formanek} [Commun. Algebra 30, No. 2, 1033-1038 (2002: Zbl 1002.20019)]. By comparing free solvable groups and free nilpotent some results about free solvable groups are provided. Also in few cases of nilpotent groups which are not Abelian, namely \(N_{22}\) and \(N_{23}\), it is answered a more refined question which is describe the Reidemeister spectrum of the group \(N\), i.e. which positive integers are realized as the number of the twisted conjugacy classes for some automorphism of the group. The answer is \(\text{Spec}_R(N_{22})=2\mathcal N\cup\{\infty\}\) and \(\text{Spec}_R(N_{23})=\{2k^2\mid k\in\mathcal N\}\cup\{\infty\}\).