Endomorphism algebras of Jacobians of certain superelliptic curves (Q616432)

Let \(K\) be a field of characteristic zero with algebraic closure \(\overline{K}\) and let \(p\) be a prime number. Let \(q=p^{\,r}\) and \(n=mp^{\,s}\geq 5\), where \(m,r,s\) are positive integers and \(m\) is prime to \(p\). Further, let \(f(x)\in K[x]\) be a polynomial of degree \(n\) without multiple roots, write \(\mathfrak R_{f}\) for the set of roots of \(f\) in \(\overline{K}\) and set \({\text{Gal}}(f)\) for the Galois group \({\text{Gal}}(K(\mathfrak R_{f})/K)\). The latter group may be seen as a subgroup of the full symmetric group \(S_{n}\). Let \(\mathcal P_{q}(x):=1+x+\dots+x^{q-1}=\prod_{\,i=1}^{\,r} \Phi_{p^{i}}(x)\), where \(\Phi_{p^{i}}(x)\) denotes the \(p^{i}\)-th cyclotomic polynomial. Then \(\mathbb Q[x]/(\mathcal P_{q}(x))\simeq\prod_{\,i=1}^{\,r} \mathbb Q(\zeta_{p^{i}})\). Now let \(C_{f,q}\) be a smooth projective model of the affine curve \(y^{q}=f(x)\) and let \(\delta_{q}\) denote the automorphism \(C_{f,q}\rightarrow C_{f,q}, (x,y)\mapsto(x,\zeta_{q}y)\), where \(\zeta_{q}\in\overline{K}\) is a primitive \(q\)-th root of unity. Then \(\delta_{q}\) induces an automorphism of the Jacobian \(J(C_{f,q})\) of \(C_{f,q}\) which will also be denoted by \(\delta_{q}\). There exists an embedding of \(\prod_{\,i=1}^{\,r} \mathbb Q(\zeta_{p^{i}})\simeq\mathbb Q[x]/(\mathcal P_{q}(x))\) into \(\text{End}^{0}(J(C_{f,q}))\) which maps \(x\) to \(\delta_{q}\). Then the main theorem of the paper is the following: if \(\text{{Gal}}(f)\) is either \(S_{n}\) or the alternating group \(A_{n}\), then the above embedding is an isomorphism. This extends work of Yu. Zarkhin, who proved the same result under either of the assumptions: \(s=0\) (i.e., \((p,n)=1\)) or \(s\geq r\) (i.e., \(q\mid n\)).