Opers with irregular singularity and spectra of the shift of argument subalgebra (Q616587)

Let \({\mathfrak g}\) be a Lie algebra over \(\mathbb C\). The symmetric algebra \(S({\mathfrak g})\) carries a natural Poisson structure. \textit{S. V. Manakov} [Funkts. Anal. Prilozh. 10, No.~4, 93--94 (1976; Zbl 0343.70003)] introduced the notion of the classical shift of argument subalgebra \(\overline{\mathcal A}_\mu\) for any element \(\mu\in{\mathfrak g}^*\), which is a Poisson commutative subalgebra of \(S({\mathfrak g})=\mathbb C[{\mathfrak g}^*]\). \textit{L. G. Rybnikov} [Funct. Anal. Appl. 40, No. 3, 188--199 (2006; Zbl 1112.17018)] constructed a commutative subalgebra \({\mathcal A}_\mu\), called the quantum shift of argument subalgebra, of the universal enveloping algebra \(U({\mathfrak g})\) of \({\mathfrak g}\) such that \(\operatorname{gr}{\mathcal A}_\mu=\overline{\mathcal A}_\mu\) for all regular \(\mu\in{\mathfrak g}^*\). The paper under review describes the joint (generalized) eigenvalues of \({\mathcal A}_\mu\) on finite-dimensional \({\mathfrak g}\)-modules. More precisely, the authors prove (Theorem A) that for generic regular semisimple \(\mu\in{\mathfrak g}^*\), the action of \({\mathcal A}_\mu\) on finite-dimensional irreducible modules is diagonalizable and has simple spectrum. Moreover, its joint spectra are in bijection with the set of monodromy-free \({}^LG\)-opers on \({\mathbb P}^1\) with regular singularity at one point and irregular singularity of order 2 at another point. Here \({}^LG\) is the Langlands dual group of \(G\) of adjoint type. For \(\mu\) regular nilpotent, any finite-dimensional irreducible \({\mathfrak g}\)-module is cyclic as an \({\mathcal A}_\mu\)-module (Theorem B).